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Seattle From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the city. For other uses, see Seattle (disambiguation). City of Seattle Flag Seal Nickname(s): The Emerald City, Seatown, Rain City, Jet City, Gateway to Alaska Location of Seattle in King County and Washington Coordinates: 47°36′35″N 122°19′59″W / 47.60972, -122.33306 Country United States State Washington County King Incorporated December 2, 1869 Government - Type Mayor–council - Mayor Greg Nickels (D) Area - City 142.5 sq mi (369.2 km²) - Land 83.87 sq mi (217.2 km²) - Water 58.67 sq mi (152.0 km²) - Metro 8,186 sq mi (21,202 km²) Elevation 0–520 ft (0–158 m) Population (July 1, 2007)[1][2] - City 594,210 - Density 7,085/sq mi (2,736/km²) - Urban 2,712,205 - Metro 3,263,497 Demonym: Seattleite Time zone PST (UTC-8) - Summer (DST) PDT (UTC-7) ZIP codes Zip codes[3][show] 98101, 98102 98103, 98104, 98105, 98106, 98107, 98108, 98109, 98110, 98111, 98112, 98113, 98114, 98115, 98116, 98117, 98118, 98119, 98121, 98122, 98124, 98125, 98126, 98127, 98129, 98131, 98132, 98133, 98134, 98136, 98138, 98139, 98141, 98144, 98145, 98146, 98148, 98151, 98154, 98155, 98158, 98160, 98161, 98164, 98165, 98166, 98168, 98170, 98171, 98174, 98175, 98177, 98178, 98181, 98184, 98185, 98188, 98190, 98191, 98194, 98195, 98198, 98199 Area code(s) 206 FIPS code 53-63000[4] GNIS feature ID 1512650[5] Website: www.seattle.gov Seattle (pronounced /siˈætɫ/) is the most populous city in the U.S state of Washington and the Northwestern United States. The encompassing Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue metropolitan statistical area is the 15th largest in the United States, and the largest in the Pacific Northwest.[2] Seattle is part of the 13th largest combined statistical area (CSA) in the US. A port city, it is located in the western part of the state between Puget Sound, an arm of the Pacific Ocean, and Lake Washington, about 96 miles (154 km) south of the Canada – United States border. A major economic, cultural and educational center in the region, Seattle is the county seat of King County. The Seattle area has been inhabited for at least 4,000 years,[6] but European settlement began only in the mid-19th century. The first permanent white settlers—Arthur A. Denny and those subsequently known as the Denny Party—arrived November 13, 1851. Early settlements in the area were called "New York-Alki" ("Alki" meaning "by and by" in the local Chinook Jargon) and "Duwamps." In 1853, Doc Maynard suggested that the main settlement be renamed "Seattle," an anglicized rendition of the name of Sealth, the chief of the two local tribes. By 2007 Census estimate, the city has a municipal population of 594,210,[7] and a metropolitan area population of 3,263,497.[2] From 1869 until 1982, Seattle was known as the "Queen City."[8] Seattle's current official nickname is the "Emerald City", the result of a contest held in the early 1980s;[9] the reference is to the lush evergreen trees in the surrounding area. Seattle is also referred to informally as the "Gateway to Alaska," "Rain City,"[10] and "Jet City", the latter from the local influence of Boeing. Seattle residents are known as Seattleites. Seattle is the birthplace of grunge music[11] and has a reputation for heavy coffee consumption;[12] coffee companies founded or based in Seattle include Starbucks,[13] Seattle's Best Coffee,[14] and Tully's.[15] There are also many successful independent artisanal espresso roasters and cafes.[12] Researchers at Central Connecticut State University ranked Seattle the most literate city of America's sixty-nine largest cities in 2005 and 2006 and second most literate in 2007, after Minneapolis.[16] Moreover, analysis conducted by the United States Census Bureau of 2003 survey data indicated that Seattle was the most educated large city in the U.S. with 51.6 percent of residents 25 and older
having at least bachelor degrees.[17] Based on per capita income, in 2006 the Seattle metropolitan area ranked 17th out of 363 metropolitan areas in a study by the Census Bureau.[18] Contents [hide] 1 History 1.1 Founding 1.2 Major events 1.3 Economic history 2 Geography 2.1 Topography 2.2 Climate 2.3 Neighborhoods 3 Cityscape 3.1 Landmarks 4 Culture 4.1 Media 4.2 Tourism 4.3 Sports 4.4 Outdoor activities 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Government and politics 8 Education 9 Infrastructure 9.1 Health systems 9.2 Transportation 9.3 Utilities 10 Notes 11 See also 12 References 13 Bibliography 14 Further reading 15 External links [edit] History Main article: History of Seattle [edit] Founding What is now Seattle has been inhabited since the end of the last ice age. Archaeological excavations at West Point in Discovery Park, Magnolia, confirm that the Seattle area has been inhabited by humans for at least 4,000 years.[6] tohl-AHL-too ("herring house") and later hah-AH-poos ("where there are horse clams") at the mouth of the Duwamish River in what is now the Industrial District has been inhabited since the 6th century AD.[19] By the time the first European settlers arrived in the area, the Dkhw'Duw'Absh and Xachua'Bsh people (now called the Duwamish Tribe) occupied at least seventeen villages in the areas around Elliott Bay.[20] The first Europeans to attempt settlement in the area were the Collins Party, who filed legal claim to land at the mouth of the Duwamish River on September 14, 1851.[21] Thirteen days later, members of the Collins Party were on the way to their claim when they passed the scouts of the group of settlers that would eventually found Seattle, the Denny Party.[22] The scouts for the Denny Party, Lee Terry, David Denny, and John Low, would lay claim to land on Alki Point on September 28, 1851, with Lee Terry returning to Portland, Oregon carrying a message from David Denny telling his brother, Arthur Denny, to "Come at once."[23] Following the instructions of David Denny, the rest of the Denny Party set sail from Portland and landed on Alki during a rainstorm on November 13, 1851. The landing party's first sight of their new homestead was the roofless cabin that David had been unable to complete because of a fever.[23] After spending a winter of frequent rainstorms and high winds on Alki Point, most of the Denny Party moved across Elliott Bay and settled on land where present day Pioneer Square is located and established the village of "Dewamps" or "Duwamps."[23] The only members of the party that did not migrate to the eastern shore of Elliott Bay were Charles Terry and John Low, who remained at the original landing location and established a village they initially called "New York," after Terry's hometown, until April 1853 when they renamed it "Alki," a Chinook word meaning, roughly, by and by or someday.[24] The villages of New York-Alki and Duwamps would compete for dominance in the area for the next few years, but in time Alki was abandoned and its residents moved across the bay to join the rest of the settlers.[25] David Swinson ("Doc") Maynard, one of the village's founders, was the primary advocate for renaming the village to "Seattle" after Chief Sealth (si'áb Si'ahl) of the Duwamish and Suquamish tribes.[26] Doc
Maynard's advocacy bore fruit, because when the first plats for village were filed on May 23, 1853, it was for the Town of Seattle. In 1855, nominal legal land settlement were established and the city was incorporated in 1865 and again in 1869, after having existed as an unincorporated town from 1867 to 1869.[23][27] The Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition had just over 3.7 million visitors during its 138-day run[28] [edit] Major events Major events in Seattle's history include: The Great Seattle Fire of 1889, which destroyed the central business district [29] The anti-Chinese riots of 1885–1886[30] The Klondike gold rush, which made Seattle a major transportation center The Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition of 1909, which is largely responsible for the layout of the University of Washington campus[31] The Seattle General Strike of 1919, the first general strike in the country[32] The 1962 Century 21 Exposition, a World's Fair[33] The Wah Mee Massacre of Chinatown 1983 The 1990 Goodwill Games[34] The APEC leaders conference in 1993 The Grunge movement of the 1990's The Battle in Seattle: The WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999, marked by street protests and a series of riots[35] The Seattle Mardi Gras Riots in 2001 followed by an earthquake the next day.[36] [edit] Economic history Seattle has a history of boom and bust cycles, common to cities near large areas of natural and mineral resources. Seattle has several times risen as a company town or through economic specialization, then gone into precipitous decline, but it has typically used those periods to successfully rebuild infrastructure.[37] Image showing 5th Avenue entrance of the Central Branch of the Seattle Public Library, designed by OMA; located on 4th and Madison street in Downtown Seattle. Columbia Center can also be seen in the background.The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, was fueled by the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way was nicknamed "Skid Road"[38] after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. This is considered a possible origin for the term which later entered the wider American vocabulary as Skid Row.) This boom was followed by the construction of an Olmsted-designed park system.[37] The second and most dramatic boom was the direct result of the Klondike Gold Rush of 1896, which ended (for Seattle) the national depression that had begun with the Panic of 1893. On July 14, 1897, the S.S. Portland docked with its famed "ton of gold", and Seattle became the main transport and supply point for those heading north.[39] The boom lasted well into the early part of the 20th century and funded many new Seattle companies and products. Finance company Washington Mutual was founded in 1889, in an attempt to save Seattle's economy after the Great Seattle fire. In 1907, 19-year-old James E. Casey borrowed $100 from a friend and founded the American Messenger Company (later UPS). Other Seattle companies founded during this period include Nordstrom and Eddie Bauer.[40] Next came the shipbuilding boom in the early part of the 20th century, followed by the unused city development plan of Virgil Bogue. Seattle was the major point of departure during World War II for troops heading to the North Pacific, and Boeing manufactured many of the war's bombers. The local economy dipped after the war, but rose again with the expansion of Boeing, fueled by the growth of the commercial aviation industry.[41] When this particular cycle went into a major downturn in the late 1960s and early 1970s, many left the area to look for work elsewhere, and two local real estate agents put up a billboard reading "Will the last person leaving Seattle – Turn out the lights."[42] Westlake Center, a Downtown mall and southern terminus of the Seattle Center Monorail. This is the northwest corner of 5th and Pine.Seattle remained the corporate headquarters of Boeing until 2001, when the company announced a desire to separate its headquarters from its major production facilities. Following a bidding war among a number of major cities, Boeing moved its corporate headquarters to Chicago.[43] The Seattle area is still home to Boeing's Renton narrow-body plant (where the 707, 720, 727, and 757 were assembled, and the 737 is assembled today) and Everett wide-body plant (assembly plant for the 747, 767, 777 and the upcoming 787 Dreamliner), as
well as BECU, formerly the Boeing Employees Credit Union. Next, technology companies, including Microsoft, Amazon.com, RealNetworks, McCaw Cellular (now part of AT&T Mobility), VoiceStream (now T-Mobile USA), and biomedical corporations such as HeartStream (later purchased by Philips), Heart Technologies (later purchased by Boston Scientific), Physio-Control (later purchased by Medtronic), ZymoGenetics, ICOS (later purchased by Eli Lilly & Co.) and Immunex (later purchased by Amgen), found homes in Seattle and its suburbs. This success brought an influx of new citizens with a population increase within city limits of almost 50,000 between the 1990 and 2000 Census[44] and saw Seattle's real estate become some of the most expensive in the country.[45] Many of these companies remain relatively strong, but the frenzied dot-com boom years ended in early 2001.[46][47] [edit] Geography [edit] Topography See also: List of Seattle parks, Bodies of water of Seattle, and Regrading in Seattle Downtown Seattle is bounded by Elliott Bay (lower left), lower Broadway (from upper left to lower right), Royal Brougham Way (lower right), and Denny Way (obscured by clouds).Seattle is located between an inlet of the Pacific Ocean to the west called Puget Sound and Lake Washington to the east. The city's chief harbor, Elliott Bay, is an inlet of the Sound. West beyond the Sound are the Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Mountains, on the Olympic Peninsula; east beyond Lake Washington and the eastside suburbs are Lake Sammamish and the Cascade Range. Lake Washington's waters flow out through the Lake Washington Ship canal, a series of two man-made canals and Lake Union, to the Hiram C. Chittenden Locks at Salmon Bay, to Shilshole Bay, which is part of Puget Sound. The sea, rivers, forests, lakes, and fields were once rich enough to support one of the world's few sedentary hunter-gatherer societies.[48][49] Opportunities for sailing, skiing, bicycling, camping, and hiking are nearby and accessible almost year-round. The city itself is hilly, though not uniformly so.[50] Like Rome, the city is said to lie on seven hills; the lists vary, but typically include Capitol Hill, First Hill, West Seattle, Beacon Hill, Queen Anne, Magnolia, and the former Denny Hill. The Wallingford and Mount Baker neighbourhoods are technically located on hills as well. Many of the hilliest areas are near the city center, with Capitol Hill, First Hill, and Beacon Hill collectively constituting something of a ridge along an isthmus between Elliott Bay and Lake Washington. The break in the ridge between First Hill and Beacon Hill is man-made, the result of two of the many regrading projects that reshaped the topography of the city center.[51] The topography of the city center was also changed by the construction of a seawall and the artificial Harbor Island (completed 1909) at the mouth of the city's industrial Duwamish Waterway. The man-made Lake Washington Ship Canal incorporates four natural bodies of water: Lake Union, Salmon Bay, Portage Bay, and Union Bay, connecting Puget Sound to Lake Washington. Seattle is in an earthquake zone and has experienced a number of significant quakes, most recently (as of 2007) the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually Earthquake, February 28, 2001, which did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused no fatalities.[52] Other strong quakes occurred on December 14, 1872 (estimated at 7.3 or 7.4 magnitude),[52] April 13, 1949 (7.1),[53] and April 29, 1965 (6.5).[54] The 1949 quake caused eight known deaths, all in Seattle;[53] the 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly, and one more by heart failure.[54] Although the Seattle Fault passes just south of the city center, neither it[55] nor the Cascadia subduction zone has caused an earthquake since the city's founding. The Cascadia subduction zone poses the threat of an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or greater, capable of seriously damaging the city and collapsing many buildings, especially in zones built on fill.[56] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 369.2 km² (142.5 mi²),[57] 217.2 km² (83.9 mi²) of which is land and 152.0 km² (58.7 mi²) water. The total area is 41.16% water. [edit] Climate Seattle averages only 58 clear days a year, with most of those days occurring between June and September[58]Seattle's mild climate is usually classified as Marine west coast (Cfb).[59] However, its wet-winter/dry-summer pattern shows some characteristics of a Mediterranean climate (Csb), and it is sometimes classified this way.[60] Temperature extremes are moderated by adjacent Puget Sound, the greater Pacific Ocean, and Lake Washington. The region is partially protected from Pacific storms by the Olympic Mountains and from Arctic air by the Cascade Range. Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the
Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain.[61] This reputation derives from this frequency of precipitation as well as the fact that it is cloudy an average of 226 days per year (cf. 132 in New York City).[58] Nonetheless, the so-called "rainy city" receives a smaller quantity of actual precipitation annually, at 37.1 inches (94 cm)[62], than New York City, Atlanta, Houston, and most cities of the Eastern Seaboard of the United States. Seattle was also not listed in a study that revealed the 10 Rainiest Cities in the continental United States.[63] Most of the precipitation falls as drizzle or light rain, with only occasional downpours. One of these downpours occurred in December 2007 when widespread rainfall hit the greater Puget Sound area. It became the second wettest event in Seattle history when a little over 5 inches of rain fell on Seattle in a 24 hour period. The rain also caused five deaths and widespread flooding and damage.[1] Spring, late fall, and winter are filled with days when it does not rain but looks as if it might because of cloudy, overcast skies. Winters are cool and wet with average lows around 35–40 °F (2–4 °C) on winter nights. Colder weather can occur, but seldom lasts more than a few days. Summers are dry and warm, with average daytime highs around 73–80 °F (22.2–26.7 °C). Hotter weather usually occurs only during a few summer days. Seattle's hottest official recorded temperature was 100 °F (37.8 °C) on July 20, 1994; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (-18 °C) on January 31, 1950.[62] Between October and May, it is cloudy or partly cloudy six out of every seven days[58]Eighty miles (130 km) to the west, the Hoh Rain Forest in Olympic National Park on the western flank of the Olympic Mountains receives an annual average rainfall of 142 inches (361 cm), and the state capital, Olympia—south of the rain shadow—receives an annual average rainfall of 52 inches (132 cm). Snowfall is very infrequent, especially at lower altitudes and near the coast, and is usually light and fleeting, lasting only a few days. Average annual snowfall, as measured at Sea–Tac Airport, is 13 inches (33 cm).[64] Seattle's record snowfall was 20 inches (51 cm) on January 13, 1950.[65] A sunnier and drier climate typically dominates from mid-July to mid-September. An average of 0.8 inches (2.0 cm) of rain falls in July and 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) in August. Although the summer climate is considerably drier and less humid than in areas with humid continental climates, a slight dampness can be occasionally felt, usually when temperatures reach above 80 °F (26.7 °C). This dampness is typically more noticeable during the evening when the temperatures have dropped. Because of this, Seattle experiences occasional summer thunderstorms.[66] The Puget Sound Convergence Zone is an important feature of Seattle's weather. In the convergence zone, air arriving from the north meets air flowing in from the south. Both streams of air originate over the Pacific Ocean; airflow is split by the Olympic Mountains to Seattle's west, then reunited by the Cascade Mountains to the east. When the air currents meet, they are forced upward, resulting in convection.[67] Thunderstorms caused by this activity can occur north and south of town, but Seattle itself rarely receives worse weather than occasional thunder and ice-pellet showers. Nonetheless, the Hanukkah Eve Wind Storm in December 2006 brought heavy rain and winds gusting up to 69 mph (111 km/h). One Seattleite drowned in her collapsed and flooded basement; power failures were widespread, with some left without power for up to eleven days.[68] An exception to Seattle's dampness often occurs in El Niño years, when the marine weather systems track as far south as California and little precipitation falls in the Puget Sound area.[69] Since the region's water comes from mountain snowpacks during the drier summer months, El Niño winters can not only produce substandard skiing but can result in water rationing and a shortage of hydroelectric power the following summer.[70] [hide] Weather averages for Seattle, Washington Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °F (°C) 64 (18) 70 (21) 74 (23) 85 (29) 88 (31) 93 (34) 96 (36) 94 (34) 91 (33) 82 (28) 71 (22) 65 (18) 96 (36) Average high °F (°C) 47 (8) 51 (11) 55 (13) 59 (15) 65 (18) 70 (21) 75 (24) 75 (24) 70 (21) 60 (16) 52 (11) 47 (8) 61 (16) Average low °F (°C) 36 (2) 37 (3) 39 (4) 43 (6) 48 (9) 53 (12) 56 (13) 57 (14) 53 (12) 46 (8) 40 (4) 36 (2) 45 (7) Record low °F (°C) 16 (-9) 11 (-12) 23 (-5) 32 (0) 38 (3) 42 (6) 47 (8) 48 (9) 41 (5) 31 (-1) 13 (-11) 12 (-11) 11 (-12) Precipitation inches (mm) 5.24 (133.1) 4.09 (103.9) 3.92 (99.6) 2.75 (69.9) 2.03 (51.6) 1.55 (39.4) 0.93 (23.6) 1.16 (29.5) 1.61 (40.9) 3.24 (82.3) 5.67 (144) 6.06 (153.9) 38.25 (971.6) Source: Weather.com [62] July 2007 [edit] Neighborhoods Main article: Seattle neighborhoods Downtown Seattle includes a tightly-packed financial district along with residential areas and a panoramic waterfront.Seattle has grown through a series of annexations of smaller neighboring communities. On May 3, 1891, Magnolia, Wallingford, Green Lake, and the University District (then known as Brooklyn) were annexed.[71] The town of South Seattle was annexed on October 20, 1905.[72] Between January 7 and September 12, 1907, Seattle nearly
doubled its land area by annexing six incorporated towns and areas of unincorporated King County, including Southeast Seattle, Ravenna, South Park, Columbia, Ballard, and West Seattle.[73] Three years later, after having difficulties paying a $10,000 bill from the county, the town of Georgetown merged with Seattle.[74] Finally, on January 4, 1954, the area between N. 85th Street and N. 145th Street was annexed,[75] including the neighborhoods of Maple Leaf, Lake City, and Northgate. Seattle mayor Greg Nickels is among those who have called Seattle "a city of neighborhoods,"[76][77] although the boundaries (and even names) of those neighborhoods are often open to dispute. For example, a Department of Neighborhoods spokeswoman reported that her own neighborhood has gone from "the 'CD' (Central District) to 'Madrona' to 'Greater Madison Valley' and now 'Madrona Park.'"[77] Over a dozen Seattle neighborhoods have Neighborhood Service Centers, originally known in 1972 as "Little City Halls"[78] and even more have their own street fair and/or parade during the summer months.[79] The largest of the city's street fairs feature hundreds of craft and food booths and multiple stages with live entertainment, and draw more than 100,000 people over the course of a weekend.[80] In addition, at least half a dozen neighborhoods have weekly farmers' markets, some with as many as fifty vendors.[81] The residents of White Center, an unincorporated neighborhood between Seattle and Burien, are in the process of deciding by which of the two cities they will be annexed.[82] [edit] Cityscape Queen Anne Hill (left center), Lake Union (center), the Downtown Seattle skyline (right center), and Elliott Bay (right) are important aspects of Seattle's cityscape viewed from the Space Needle. [edit] Landmarks See also: List of tallest buildings and structures in Seattle Pike Place Market, a popular destination for tourists and localsThe Space Needle, dating from the Century 21 Exposition (1962), is Seattle's most recognizable landmark, having been featured in the logo of the television show Frasier and the backgrounds of the television series Grey's Anatomy and iCarly, and films such as Sleepless in Seattle. The fairgrounds surrounding the Needle have been converted into Seattle Center, which remains the site of many local civic and cultural events, such as Bumbershoot, Folklife, and the Bite of Seattle. Seattle Center plays multiple roles in the city, ranging from a public fair grounds to a civic center, though recent economic losses have called its viability and future into question.[83] The Seattle Center Monorail was also constructed for Century 21 and still runs from Seattle Center to Westlake Center, a Downtown shopping mall, a little over a mile to the southeast. The Space Needle, a popular destination for tourists and center piece of Seattle's 1962 World's Fair.The Smith Tower was the tallest building on the West Coast from its completion in 1914 until the Space Needle overtook it in 1962.[84] The late 1980s saw the construction of Seattle's two tallest skyscrapers: the 76 story Columbia Center (completed 1985) is the tallest building in the Pacific Northwest[85] and the fourth tallest building west of the Mississippi River;[86] the Washington Mutual Tower (completed 1988) is Seattle's second tallest building.[87][88] Other notable Seattle landmarks include Pike Place Market, the Fremont Troll, the Experience Music Project (at Seattle Center), and the Seattle Central Library. Starbucks has been at Pike Place Market since the coffee company was founded there in 1971. The first store is still operating a block south of its original location.[89] Starbucks Center, the company's current headquarters, is the largest building in Seattle by volume at just over 2,000,000 square feet (186,000 m2). The building, once Sears' Northwest catalog distribution center, also contains a Sears and an OfficeMax store.[90] The National Register of Historic Places has over 150 Seattle listings.[91] The city also designates its own landmarks.[92] [edit] Culture Main article: Arts in Seattle The Moore Theatre has been a performing arts venue in Downtown Seattle since its construction in 1907.Seattle has been a regional center for the performing arts for many years. The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra is among the world's most recorded[93] and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall.[94] The Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet, which perform at McCaw Hall (opened 2003 on the site of the former Seattle Opera House at Seattle Center), are comparably distinguished,[95][96] with the Opera being particularly known for its performances of the works of Richard Wagner[97][98] and the PNB School (founded in 1974) ranking as one of the top three ballet training institutions in the United States.[95] The Seattle Youth Symphony Orchestras (SYSO) is the largest symphonic youth organization in the United States.[99] The 5th Avenue Theatre, built in 1926, stages Broadway-style
musical shows[100] featuring both local talent and international stars.[101] Seattle has "around 100" theatrical production companies[102][103] and over two dozen live theatre venues, many of them associated with fringe theatre;[104] Seattle is probably second only to New York for number of equity theaters[105] (28 Seattle theater companies have some sort of Actors' Equity contract).[102] In addition, the 900-seat Romanesque Revival Town Hall on First Hill hosts numerous cultural events, especially lectures and recitals.[106] Seattle is considered the home of grunge music[11] because it was home to artists such as Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, and Mudhoney all of whom reached vast audiences in the early 1990s.[107] The city is also home to such varied musicians as avant-garde jazz musicians Bill Frisell and Wayne Horvitz, rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot, smooth jazz saxophonist Kenny G, Heart, heavy metal bands Queensryche and Nevermore, and such poppier rock bands as Harvey Danger, Goodness, Dave Matthews and the Presidents of the United States of America. Such musicians as Jimi Hendrix, Duff McKagan, Nikki Sixx, and Quincy Jones spent their formative years in Seattle.[107] Since the grunge era, the area has hosted a diverse and influential alternative music scene. The Seattle record label Sub Pop—the first to sign Nirvana and Soundgarden—has signed such non-grunge bands as Band of Horses, Modest Mouse, Murder City Devils, Sunny Day Real Estate, Death Cab for Cutie and The Postal Service.[107] Earlier Seattle-based popular music acts include the collegiate folk group The Brothers Four; The Wailers, a 1960s garage band; The Ventures, an instrumental rock band; the Allies and the Heaters (later "the Heats"), 1980s teen-pop bands; from that same era, the more sophisticated pop of the short-lived Visible Targets and the still-performing Young Fresh Fellows and Posies; and the pop-punk of The Fastbacks and the outright punk of The Fartz (later 10 Minute Warning), The Gits, and Seven Year Bitch.[108] Spoken word and poetry are staples of Seattle arts, paralleling the explosion of the independent music scene during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Seattle's performance poetry blossomed with the importation of the poetry slam from Chicago (its origin) by Paul Granert. This and the proliferation of weekly readings, open mics, and poetry-friendly club venues like the Weathered Wall, the OK Hotel, and the Ditto Tavern (all now defunct), allowed spoken-word/performance poetry to take off. Seattle annually sends a team of slammers to the National Poetry Slam and considers itself home of some of the most talented performance poets in the world: Buddy Wakefield, two-time Individual World Poetry Slam Champ;[109] Anis Mojgani, two-time National Poetry Slam Champ;[110] and Danny Sherrard, 2007 National Poetry Slam Champ.[111] Seattle also hosted the 2001 national Poetry Slam Tournament. The Seattle Poetry Festival is a biennial poetry festival that (launched first as the Poetry Circus in 1997) has featured local, regional, national, and international names in poetry.[112] The city also has a large number of movie houses showing both Hollywood productions and works by independent filmmakers. Among these, the Seattle Cinerama stands out as one of only three movie theaters in the world still capable of showing three-panel Cinerama films. [edit] Media Main article: Media in Seattle Seattle's two major daily newspapers—the Seattle Times and Seattle Post-Intelligencer—share their advertising, circulation, and business departments under a Joint Operating Agreement.[113] There is also a Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce,[114] and the University of Washington publishes The Daily, a student-run publication, when school is in session. The most prominent weeklies are the Seattle Weekly and The Stranger. Both consider themselves "alternative" papers.[115] Real Change is a weekly street newspaper that is sold mainly by homeless persons as an alternative to panhandling. There are also several ethnic newspapers, including the Northwest Asian Weekly, and numerous neighborhood newspapers, including the North Seattle Journal. Seattle is also well served by television and radio, with all major U.S.
networks represented, along with at least five other English-language stations and two Spanish-language stations.[116] Seattle cable viewers also receive CBUT 2 (CBC) from Vancouver, British Columbia. Leading non-commercial radio stations include NPR affiliates KUOW-FM 94.9 and KPLU-FM 88.5 (Tacoma). Other notable stations include KEXP-FM 90.3 (affiliated with EMP), KBCS-FM 91.3 (affiliated with Bellevue Community College), and KNHC-FM 89.5, which broadcasts an electronic music format and is owned by the public school system and operated by students of Nathan Hale High School. Many Seattle radio stations are also available through Internet radio, with KEXP in particular being a pioneer of Internet radio.[117] Seattle also has numerous commercial radio stations, including KING-FM, one of the last commercial classical music stations in the United States.[116] On the Internet, Seattle is covered by Seattle Indymedia, a co-op started in 1999 which has since spread to many cities around the world, by Seattle24x7.com, a local online business community since 1999, by Crosscut.com, started in 2007 by Seattle Weekly founder David Brewster, and numerous blogs, including Seattlest, Seattle Metroblogging, and The Slog (The Stranger's blog). Seattle-based online magazines Worldchanging and Grist.org were two of the "Top Green Websites" in 2007 according to Time.[118] [edit] Tourism See also: Museums and galleries of Seattle Almost two hundred cruise ship visits brought an estimated 750,000 passengers to Seattle in 2007.[119]Among Seattle's known annual cultural events and fairs are the 24-day Seattle International Film Festival,[120] Northwest Folklife over the Memorial Day weekend, numerous Seafair events throughout July and August (ranging from a Bon Odori celebration to hydroplane races), and the Bite of Seattle. Bumbershoot programs music over the Labor Day weekend, as well as other arts and entertainment. All are typically attended by 100,000 people annually, as are Hempfest and two separate Independence Day celebrations.[121][122][123] Other significant events include numerous Native American powwows, a Greek Festival hosted by St. Demetrios Greek Orthodox Church in Montlake, and numerous ethnic festivals (many associated with Festál at Seattle Center).[124] There are other annual events, ranging from the Seattle Antiquarian Book Fair & Book Arts Show;[125] an anime convention, Sakura-Con;[126] Penny Arcade Expo, a gaming convention;[127] and specialized film festivals, such as the Seattle Gay and Lesbian Film Festival,[128] to a two-day, 9,000-rider Seattle to Portland bicycle ride[129] and a Gay Pride parade and festival. In the past, the Gay Pride parade and festival have been centred on Capitol Hill. Since 2006, festivities have been held city-wide, and the parade has followed a route in Downtown to Seattle Center.[130] The Henry Art Gallery opened in 1927, the first public art museum in Washington.[131] The Seattle Art Museum (SAM) opened in 1933; SAM opened a museum downtown in 1991 (expanded and reopened 2007); since 1991, the 1933 building has been SAM's Seattle Asian Art Museum (SAAM).[132] SAM also operates the Olympic Sculpture Park (opened 2007) on the waterfront north of the downtown piers. The Frye Art Museum is a free museum on First Hill. Regional history collections are at the Loghouse Museum in Alki, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, the Museum of History and Industry and the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. Industry collections are at the Center for Wooden Boats and the adjacent Northwest Seaport, the Seattle Metropolitan Police Museum, and the Museum of Flight. Regional ethnic collections include the Nordic Heritage Museum, the Wing Luke Asian Museum and the Northwest African American Museum. Seattle has artist-run galleries,[133] including 10-year veteran Soil Art Gallery,[134] and the newer Crawl Space Gallery.[135] Woodland Park Zoo opened as a private menagerie in 1889, but was sold to the city in 1899.[136] The Seattle Aquarium has been open on the downtown waterfront since 1977 (undergoing a renovation 2006).[137] The Seattle Underground Tour, an exhibit of places that existed before the Great Fire, is also popular.[138] There are also many community centers for recreation, including Rainier Beach, Van Asselt, Rainier, and Jefferson south of the Ship Canal and Green Lake, Laurelhurst, Loyal Heights north of the Canal, and Meadowbrook.[139] [edit] Sports Main article: Sports in Seattle Club Sport League Venue Established Championships Seattle Seahawks Football NFL Qwest Field 1976 0 Seattle Mariners Baseball MLB Safeco Field 1977 0 Seattle Sounders FC Soccer MLS Qwest Field 2009 0 Seattle Thunderbirds Ice Hockey WHL Kent
Events Center 1977 0 Seattle Storm Basketball WNBA KeyArena 2000 1 Safeco Field, home of the Seattle MarinersSeattle's professional sports history began at the start of the 20th century with the PCHA's Seattle Metropolitans, which in 1917 became the first American hockey team to win the Stanley Cup.[140] Today Seattle has three major professional sports teams: The National Football League's Seattle Seahawks, Major League Baseball's Seattle Mariners, and the 2004 Women's National Basketball Association champions, Seattle Storm.[141] From 1967 to 2008 Seattle was home to an NBA franchise, the Seattle SuperSonics, who were the 1978-79 NBA champions; the team was relocated to Oklahoma City after the 2007-08 season.[142] The Seattle Sounders currently play in the United Soccer League, but will be replaced by Seattle Sounders FC, which will play in Major League Soccer in 2009.[143] The Seattle Thunderbirds are a major-junior hockey team that plays in the one of the Canadian major-junior hockey leagues, the WHL (Western Hockey League). The Thunderbirds currently play at KeyArena, but part way through the 2008–2009 season will move to nearby Kent, Washington.[144] Seattle also boasts a strong history in collegiate sports, the University of Washington and Seattle University are NCAA Division I schools. The Major League Baseball All-Star game was held in Seattle twice, first at the Kingdome in 1979 and again at Safeco Field in 2001. That same year, the Seattle Mariners set the all-time single regular season wins record with 116 wins. The NBA All-Star game was also held in Seattle twice, the first in 1974 at the Seattle Center Coliseum and the second in 1987 at the Kingdome.[145] In 2006, the new Qwest Field (Seattle Seahawks Stadium) hosted the 2005-06 NFC Championship. In 2008, Qwest Field hosted the first game of the 2007-08 NFL playoffs, in which the Seahawks defeated the Washington Redskins, 35 - 14. [edit] Outdoor activities Green Lake Park, popular among runners, contains a 2.9-mile (4.7 km) trail circling the lake.Seattle's cool mild climate allows outdoor recreation including walking, cycling, hiking, skiing, snowboarding, boating, team sports, and swimming.[146] In town many people walk around Green Lake, through the forests and along the bluffs and beaches of 535-acre (2.2 km2) Discovery Park (the largest park in the city) in Magnolia, along the shores of Myrtle Edwards Park on the Downtown waterfront, or along Alki Beach in West Seattle. Also popular are hikes and skiing in the nearby Cascade or Olympic Mountains and kayaking and sailing in the waters of Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Strait of Georgia. [edit] Economy Washington Mutual's last headquarters, WaMu Center (center left) and its headquarters prior, Washington Mutual Tower (center right) in Seattle, Washington.See also: List of companies based in Seattle Four companies on the 2006 Fortune 500 list of the United States' largest companies, based on total revenue, are headquartered in Seattle: Internet retailer Amazon.com (#272), department store Nordstrom (#293), coffee chain Starbucks (#338), and insurance company Safeco Corporation (#339). Prior to its September 25, 2008 collapse, financial services company Washington Mutual (#99) was headquartered in Seattle. Just shy of making the list is global logistics firm Expeditors International (#506).[147] Other Fortune 500 companies popularly associated with Seattle are based in nearby Puget Sound cities. Warehouse club chain Costco Wholesale Corp. (#28), the largest company in Washington, is based in Issaquah. Microsoft (#48) and Nintendo of America are located in Redmond. Weyerhaeuser, the forest products company (#90), is based in Federal Way. Finally, Bellevue is home to truck manufacturer PACCAR (#157) and to international mobile telephony giant T-Mobile's U.S. subsidiary T-Mobile USA.[147] Prior to moving its headquarters to Chicago, aerospace manufacturer Boeing (#26) was the largest company based in Seattle. Its largest division is still headquartered in nearby Renton, and the company has large aircraft manufacturing plants in Everett and Renton, so it remains the largest private employers in the Seattle metropolitan area.[148] Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels announced a desire to spark a new economic boom driven by the biotechnology industry in 2006. Major redevelopment of the South Lake Union neighborhood is underway in an effort to attract new and established biotech companies to the city, joining biotech companies Corixa (acquired by GlaxoSmithKline), Immunex (now part of Amgen), and ZymoGenetics. Vulcan
Inc., the holding company of billionaire Paul Allen, is behind most of the development projects in the region. While some see the new development as an economic boon, others have criticized Nickels and the Seattle City Council for pandering to Allen's interests at taxpayers' expense.[149] Also in 2006, Expansion Magazine ranked Seattle among the top 10 metropolitan areas in the nation for climates favorable to business expansion.[150] In 2005, Forbes ranked Seattle as the most expensive American city for buying a house based on the local income levels.[151] Alaska Airlines, operating a hub at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, maintains headquarters in the city of SeaTac, next to the airport. [152] [edit] Demographics Main article: Demographics of Seattle Historical populations Census Pop. %± 1870 1,151 — 1880 3,533 207% 1890 42,837 1,112.5% 1900 80,671 88.3% 1910 237,194 194% 1920 315,312 32.9% 1930 365,583 15.9% 1940 368,302 0.7% 1950 467,591 27% 1960 557,087 19.1% 1970 530,831 −4.7% 1980 493,846 −7% 1990 516,259 4.5% 2000 563,374 9.1% Est. 2007 594,210 5.5% According to the Washington State Office of Financial Management, Seattle had a population of 592,800 as of April 1, 2008.[153] In the 2000 census interim measurements of 2006, there were 258,499 households and 113,400 families residing in the city.[4] The racial composition of the city was 67.1 percent White, 16.6 percent Asian, 9.7 percent African American, 2.38 percent from other races, 1.00 percent Native American, 0.50 percent Pacific Islander, and 4.46 percent from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.3 percent of the population.[154] 11.3% were of German, 9.1% Irish, 8.1% English and 5.0% Norwegian ancestry according to Census 2000. 80.1% spoke English, 4.2% Spanish, 2.3% Chinese or Mandarin, 2.0% Tagalog and 1.9% Vietnamese as their first language. Seattle has seen a major increase in immigration in recent decades: the foreign-born population increased 40 percent between the 1990 and 2000 censuses.[155] At nearly four percent, Greater Seattle has the highest concentration of mixed-race persons of any major metropolitan area in the United States.[156] As of 1999, the median income of a city household was $45,736, and the median income for a family was $62,195. Males have a median income of $40,929 versus $35,134 for females. The per capita income for the city is $30,306[157] 11.8 percent of the population and 6.9 percent of families are below the poverty line. Of people living in poverty, 13.8 percent are under the age of 18 and 10.2 percent are 65 or older.[157] It is estimated that King County has 8,000 homeless on any given night, and many of those live in Seattle.[158] In September 2005, King County adopted a "Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness", one of the near-term results of which is a shift of funding from homeless shelter beds to permanent housing.[159] In 2006, after growing by 4,000 citizens per annum for the previous 16 years, regional planners expected the population of Seattle to grow by 200,000 people by 2040.[160] However, Mayor Nickels supported plans that would increase the population by sixty percent, or 350,000 people, by 2040 and is working on ways to accommodate this growth while keeping Seattle's single-family housing zoning laws.[160] The Seattle City Council later voted to relax height limits on buildings in the greater part of Downtown, partly with the aim of increasing residential density in the city center.[161] A 2006 study by UCLA suggests that Seattle has one of the highest LGBT populations per capita. With 12.9% of citizens polled identifying as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, the city ranks second of all major US cities, behind San Francisco and slightly ahead of Atlanta.[162] Greater Seattle also ranks second among major US metropolitan areas, with 6.5% being LGBT.[163] According to the 2000 US census, revised 2004, Seattle has the fifth highest proportion of single-person households nationwide among cities of 100,000 or more residents, at 40.8 percent.[164] In 2005, Men's Fitness magazine named Seattle the fittest city in the United States.[165] [edit] Government and politics Main article: Government and politics of Seattle, Washington Seattle is a charter city, with a Mayor–Council form of government. Since 1911 Seattle's nine city councillors have been elected at large, rather than by geographic subdivisions.[166][167] The only other elected offices are the city attorney and Municipal Court judges. All offices are non-partisan.[168] Seattle's politics are strongly left of center, although there is a small libertarian movement within the metro area.[169] It is one of
the most liberal cities with approximately 80% voting Democratic, only two precincts in Seattle, one located in the Broadmoor community, and one encompassing neighboring Madison Park—had a majority of votes for Republican George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential election.[169] In partisan elections, such as for the Washington State Legislature and United States Congress, nearly all elections are won by Democrats. Seattle dominates Washington's 7th congressional district, in which Representative Jim McDermott, one of Congress' most liberal members,[170] routinely wins by a large margin. [edit] Education Main article: Education in Seattle Of the city's population over the age of 25, 47.2 percent (vs. a national average of 24 percent) hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 93 percent (vs. 80 percent nationally) have a high school diploma or equivalent. A United States Census Bureau survey showed that Seattle had the highest percentage of college graduates of any major U.S. city.[17] The city was listed as the most literate of the country's sixty-nine largest cities in 2005 and 2006 and second most literate in 2007 in a study conducted by Central Connecticut State University.[16] Inside Suzzallo Library, University of Washington campusSeattle Public Schools desegregated without a court order[171] but continue to struggle to achieve racial balance in a somewhat ethnically divided city (the south part of town having more ethnic minorities than the north).[172] In 2007, Seattle's racial tie-breaking system was struck down by the United States Supreme Court, but the ruling left the door open for desegregation formulae based on other indicators (e.g., income or socioeconomic class).[173] The public school system is supplemented by a moderate number of private schools: five of the private high schools are Catholic, one is Lutheran, and six are secular.[174] Seattle is home to one of the United States's most respected public research universities, the University of Washington. A study by Newsweek International in 2006 cited UW as the twenty-second best university in the world.[175] Seattle also has a number of smaller private universities including Seattle University and Seattle Pacific University, both founded by religious groups; universities aimed at the working adult, like City University and Antioch University; and a number of arts colleges, such as Cornish College of the Arts and Art Institute of Seattle. In 2001, Time magazine selected Seattle Central Community College as best college of the year, stating the school "pushes diverse students to work together in small teams".[176] [edit] Infrastructure [edit] Health systems Main article: Medical facilities of Seattle, Washington The University of Washington is consistently ranked among the country's top leading institutions in medical research. Seattle has seen local developments of modern paramedic services with the establishment of Medic One in 1970.[177] In 1974, a 60 Minutes story on the success of the then four-year-old Medic One paramedic system called Seattle "the best place in the world to have a heart attack".[178] Three of Seattle's largest medical centers are located on First Hill. Harborview Medical Center, the public county hospital, is the only Level I trauma hospital serving Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho.[179] Virginia Mason Medical Center and Swedish Medical Center's two largest campuses are also located in this part of Seattle. This concentration of hospitals resulted in the neighborhood's nickname "Pill Hill".[180] Located in the Laurelhurst neighborhood, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center is the pediatric referral center for Washington, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho. The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has a campus in the Eastlake neighborhood and also shares facilities with the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington Medical Center. The University District is home to the University of Washington Medical Center which, along with Harborview, is operated by the University of Washington. Seattle is also served by a Veterans Affairs hospital on Beacon Hill, a third campus of Swedish in Ballard, and Northwest Hospital and Medical Center near Northgate Mall. [edit] Transportation Main article: Transportation in Seattle Further
information: Street layout of Seattle Interstate 5 as it passes through downtown Seattle.Even though Seattle is old enough that railways and streetcars once dominated its transportation system, automobiles are now the main mode of transportation. Seattle is also serviced by an extensive network of bus routes and two commuter rail routes connecting it to many of its suburbs. Washington State Ferries, the largest ferry system in the US, connects neighboring island communities with downtown. The first streetcars appeared in 1889 and were instrumental in the creation of a relatively well-defined downtown and strong neighborhoods at the end of their lines. The advent of the automobile sounded the death knell for rail in Seattle. Tacoma–Seattle railway service ended in 1929 and the Everett–Seattle service came to an end in 1939, replaced by inexpensive automobiles running on the recently developed highway system. Rails on city streets were paved over or removed, and the arrival of trolleybuses brought the end of streetcars in Seattle in 1941. This left an extensive network of privately owned buses (later public) as the only mass transit within the city and throughout the region.[181] King County Metro buses are an important public transportation connection between Seattle and its suburbs.In 2005, seventeen percent of Seattle's workforce used one of the three public transit systems that service the city according to a study by the U.S. Census Bureau.[182] King County Metro provides frequent stop bus service within the city and surrounding county and a streetcar line between South Lake Union and Westlake Center, the South Lake Union Streetcar.[183] Seattle is one of the few cities in North America whose bus fleet includes electric trolleybuses. Sound Transit currently operates express bus service; a commuter rail service, the Sounder between the suburbs and downtown; and, beginning in the summer of 2009, a light rail line will operate between downtown and Sea-Tac Airport, giving the city its first rapid transit line that has intermediate stops within the city limits. Washington State Ferries, which manages the largest network of ferries in the United States and third largest in the world,[184] connects Seattle to Bainbridge and Vashon Islands in Puget Sound and to Bremerton and Southworth on the Kitsap Peninsula.[184] Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, locally known as Sea–Tac Airport and located just south in the neighboring city of SeaTac, is operated by the Port of Seattle and provides commercial air service to destinations throughout the world. Closer to downtown, Boeing Field is used for general aviation, cargo flights, and testing/delivery of Boeing airliners. Seattle's streets are laid out in a cardinal directions grid pattern, except in the central business district where early city leaders Arthur Denny and Carson Boren insisted on orienting their plats relative to the shoreline rather than to true North.[185] Largely as a result of Seattle's topography, only two roads, Interstate 5 and State Route 99 (both limited-access highways), run uninterrupted through the city from north to south. [edit] Utilities Main article: Utilities of Seattle Seattle Steam Company, one of Seattle's privately owned utility companiesWater and electric power are municipal services, Seattle Public Utilities and Seattle City Light, respectively. Privately owned utility companies serving Seattle include Puget Sound Energy (natural gas); Seattle Steam Company (steam); Waste Management, Inc and Allied Waste (curbside recycling and solid waste removal); and Verizon, Qwest and Comcast (telephone, Internet, and cable television). [edit] Notes ^ Geranios, Nicholas K. (2008-07-10). "State's fastest-growing city is still Vancouver". The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 2008-07-10. ^ a b c "Population Estimates for the 100 Most Populous Metropolitan Statistical Areas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau (2007-04-05). Retrieved on 2007-09-27. ^ "Zip Code Lookup". USPS. Retrieved on 2008-12-11. ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31. ^ a b Doree Armstrong (2007-10-04). "Feel the beat of history in the park and concert hall at two family-friendly events", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 1 November 2007. ^ "Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places Over
100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2007 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007" (CSV). 2007 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division (2008-07-10). Retrieved on 2008-07-10. ^ Greg Lange (1998-11-04). "Seattle receives epithet Queen City in 1869". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. ^ "We're not in Washington Anymore". Seattlest (2005-10-27). Retrieved on 2007-09-27. ^ "Google search for Rain City Seattle". Google. Retrieved on 2008-05-29. ^ a b Heylin, Clinton (2007). Babylon's Burning: From Punk to Grunge. Conongate. pp. 606. ISBN 1-84195-879-4. ^ a b Catharine Reynolds (2002-09-29). "The List; Seattle: An Insider's Address Book", New York Times. Retrieved on 21 October 2001. "…Seattle's coffee culture has become America's…" ^ "Starbucks Company Profile" (PDF). Starbucks. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ (1) Braiden Rex-Johnson; Tom Douglas (contributor) (2003). Pike Place Market Cookbook. Sasquatch Books. pp. 195. ISBN 1570613192. (2) "Starbucks Corporation Completes Acquisition of Seattle Coffee Company". Business Wire (2003-07-14). Retrieved on 2008-12-11. ^ Craig Harris (2007-08-15). "Markets prompt Tully's to delay IPO", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 21 October 2007. ^ a b Sandi Doughton (2007-12-28). "Minneapolis ousts Seattle as most literate city". The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. ^ a b "ACS: Ranking Table -- Percent of People 25 Years and Over Who Have Completed a Bachelor's Degree". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-08-27. ^ "Personal income per capita grows", The Seattle Times (2007-08-08). Retrieved on 6 October 2007. ^ "Delridge Neighborhood Plan" (PDF). City of Seattle (1999-03-01). Retrieved on 2007-11-01. ^ (1) Greg Lange (2000-10-15). "Seattle and King County's First White Settlers". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. (2) "The people and their land". Puget Sound Native Art and Culture. Seattle Art Museum (c. 2003-07-04 per "Native Art of the Northwest Coast: Collection Insight"). Retrieved on 2006-04-21. (3) Crowley, Walt (2003-03-13). ""Native American tribes sign Point Elliott Treaty at Mukilteo on January 22, 1855."". HistoryLink.org Essay 5402. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ Greg Lange (2003-03-08). "Luther Collins Party, first King County settlers, arrive at mouth of Duwamish River on September 14, 1851.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ Greg Lange (2000-12-16). "Collins party encounters Denny party scouts at Duwamish Head near future site of Seattle on September 27, 1851.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ a b c d Crowley, Walt (1998-08-31). ""Seattle – a Snapshot History of Its Founding"". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ James R. Warren (2001-10-23). "Seattle at 150: Charles Terry's unlimited energy influenced a city", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 14 October 2007. ^ Greg Lange (2001-03-28). "Charles Terry homesteads site of Alki business district on May 1, 1852.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ (1) Thomas R. Speer, editor:"Chief Si'ahl and His Family". Duwamish Tribe (2004-07-22). Retrieved on 2007-10-14. Includes bibliography. (2) Kenneth G. Watson (2003-01-18). ""Seattle, Chief Noah"". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. (3) Morgan (1951, 1982), p.20 ^ Greg Lange; Cassandra Tate (1998-11-04). "Legislature incorporates the Town of Seattle for the first time on January 14, 1865.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. ^ Greg Lange (1999-01-14). "Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition's final day is on October 16, 1909.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-11-06. ^ Walt Crowley (2003-01-25). "Seattle burns down in the Great Fire on June 6, 1889.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ George Kinnear (1911-01-01). "Anti-Chinese Riots At Seattle, Wn.. February 8, 1876". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. Kinnear's article originally appeared in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer and was later privately published in a small volume. ^ Greg Lange (2003-05-05). "Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition opens for a 138-day run on June 1, 1909.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ Patrick McRoberts (1999-02-04). "Seattle General Strike, 1919, Part I". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ Alan J. Stein (2000-04-18). "Century 21 – The 1962 Seattle World's Fair, Part I". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ David Wilma (2004-02-25). "Ted Turner's Goodwill Games open in Seattle on July 20, 1990.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ David Wilma (2000-03-01). "Protests against the World Trade Organization (WTO) continue on December 1, 1999.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ "Double dose of woe strikes historic Seattle neighborhood", CNN.com (2001-03-01). Retrieved on 11 December 2008. ^ a b Emmett Shear (Spring 2002). "Seattle: Booms and Busts". Yale University. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. Author has granted blanket permission for material from that paper to be reused in Wikipedia. This article is no longer available. Now available at wikisource:Seattle: Booms and Busts. ^ Junius Rochester (1998-10-07). "Yesler, Henry L.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ Greg Lange (1999-01-14). "Klondike Gold Rush". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ "Hard Drive
to the Klondike: Promoting Seattle During the Gold Rush". National Park Service (2003-02-18). Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ "History of Seattle: The "Jet City" Takes Off". Seattle's Convention and Visitors Bureau. Archived from the original on 2006-10-02. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ Greg Lange (1999-06-08). "Billboard appears on April 16, 1971, near Sea–Tac, reading: Will the Last Person Leaving Seattle—Turn Out the Lights.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. The real estate agents were Bob McDonald and Jim Youngren, as cited at Don Duncan, Washington: the First One Hundred Years, 1889–1989 (Seattle: The Seattle Times, 1989), 108, 109–110; The Seattle Times, February 25, 1986, p. A3; Ronald R. Boyce, Seattle–Tacoma and the Southern Sound (Bozeman, Montana: Northwest Panorama Publishing, 1986), 99; Walt Crowley, Rites of Passage: A Memoir of the Sixties in Seattle (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995), 297. ^ Kristi Heim (2006-03-21). "Chicago's got the headquarters, but Seattle's still Jet City, USA", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 1 October 2007. ^ Strategic Planning Office (2001-04-12). "Decennial Population" (PDF). City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ Jane Hodges (2005-08-20). "Seattle area "sticker shock" is a matter of perception", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 29 September 2007. ^ Lee Gomes (2006-11-08). "The Dot-Com Bubble Is Reconsidered – And Maybe Relived", Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on 4 October 2007. Gomes considers the bubble to have ended with the peak of the March 2000 peak of NASDAQ. ^ David M. Ewalt (2005-01-27). "The Bubble Bowl", Forbes. Retrieved on 4 October 2007. Ewalt refers to the advertising on Super Bowl XXXIV (January 2000) as "the dot-com bubble's Waterloo". ^ "Chapter Three – Native American Cultures". The First Americans. Four Directions. Retrieved on 2007-10-20. ^ Howard Morphy (1999). "Traditional and modern visual art of hunting and gathering peoples". in Richard B. Lee. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Cambridge University Press. p. 443. ISBN 052157109X. ^ Department of Transportation. "Highest Elevations in Seattle and The Twenty Steepest Streets in Seattle". City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ Peterson, Lorin & Davenport, Noah C. (1950), Living in Seattle, Seattle: Seattle Public Schools, p. 44. ^ a b Walt Crowley (2001-03-02). "Earthquake registering 6.8 on Richter Scale jolts Seattle and Puget Sound on February 28, 2001". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ a b Greg Lange (2000-01-01). "Earthquake hits Puget Sound area on April 13, 1949". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-05. ^ a b Greg Lange (2000-03-02). "Earthquake rattles Western Washington on April 29, 1965". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ "Seattle Fault Zone – implications for earthquake hazards". United States Geological Survey (2007-06-15). Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ Ray Flynn; Kyle Fletcher (2002-07-02). "The Cascadia Subduction Zone – What is it? How big are the quakes? How Often?". University of Washington Department of Earth and Space Sciences. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990". United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31. ^ a b c National Climatic Data Center. "Cloudiness – Mean Number of Days". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. ^ "World Climates after Köppen-Geiger". Shasta College. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ M. Kottek; J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel (2006). "World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated". Meteorol. Z. 15: 259–263. doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130. http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gif. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "What Is The Olympic Rain Shadow?". KOMOTV.com. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ a b c "Monthly Averages for Seattle, WA". The Weather Channel. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ Study Reveals Top 10 Wettest U.S. Cities | LiveScience ^ "Precipitation Averages for Seattle, WA". Sperling's Best Places. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ "Seattle Weather Records", KOMOTV.com. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Seattle Weather and Climate". Seattle 101 – A Guide for Travelers and Tourists. City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ "What is the Puget Sound Convergence Zone?", KOMOTV.com. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ David Wilma (2006-12-27). "Hunukkah eve wind storm ravages Western Washington on December 14 and 15, 2006.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. ^ Randolph E. Schmid (2006-10-10). "El Niño could cause Northwest drought, mild winter elsewhere, forecasters say", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 1 November 2007. ^ Nick Perry (2005-02-23). "Lack of snow may take toll", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 1 November 2007. ^ Greg Lange (1999-01-01). "Seattle doubles in size by annexing north-of-downtown communities on May 3, 1891.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ Greg Lange (1999-01-17). "Seattle annexes South Seattle on October 20, 1905.". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ Greg Lange (2000-01-01). "City of Seattle annexes six towns including Ballard and West Seattle in 1907.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ David Wilma (2001-02-10). "Georgetown (later a Seattle neighborhood) incorporates as a city
on January 8, 1904.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ David Wilma (2005-10-12). "Seattle annexes the area north of N 85th Street to N 145th Street on January 4, 1954.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-04. ^ Greg Nickels (July 2005). "Nickels Newsletter – July 2005". Retrieved on 2007-10-11. ^ a b Jack Broom (2002-10-05). "New Seattle map: There goes the neighborhood", Seattle Times. Retrieved on 11 October 2007. ^ Walt Crowley (2001-05-07). "Seattle's Little City Halls – A Snapshot History". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-11. ^ "Community Events". Archived from the original on 2007-06-25. Retrieved on 2007-10-20. ^ Walt Crowley (1999-05-11). "University District (Seattle) Street Fair is first held May 23 and 24, 1970". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved on 2007-10-11. ^ For an overview of Seattle's neighborhood farmers markets see: "Markets". Neighborhood Farmers Market Alliance. Retrieved on 2007-10-11. For the scale of one of the larger markets (in the University District, see: "University District Farmers Market". Neighborhood Farmers Market Alliance. Retrieved on 2007-10-11. ^ Angela Galloway (2006-05-30). "Neighboring cities jockey to grab North Highline", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 4 October 2007. ^ Kathy Mulady; Debera Carlton Harrell (2006-04-24). "City looking to breathe new life into Seattle Center", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 22 October 2007. ^ Greg Lange (2003-03-05). "Seattle's Smith Tower, tallest building west of Ohio, is dedicated on July 4, 1914.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ David Wilma (2005-08-25). "Columbia Center, tallest building in Pacific Northwest, opens doors on March 2, 1985.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ Casey McNerthney (2007-02-23). "Firefighters take 69 floors for leukemia", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 22 October 2007. ^ "Washington Mutual Tower opens in downtown Seattle in 1988.". HistoryLink (2001-06-30). Retrieved on 2007-10-31. ^ Barry Cullingworth; Roger W. Caves (1997). Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues, and Processes. New York, NY: Routledge. p. 95. ISBN 0-415-24788-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=5zYpZxUrUtAC&pg=RA1-PA95&lpg=RA1-PA95&dq=%22washington+mutual+tower%22+second+tallest&source=web&ots=YyMqNYqkbJ&sig=Re-QMkH4B6KiEZQFwhuhTjDCB2w. ^ "Original Starbucks". City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ "About Nitze-Stagen". Nitze-Stagen & Co., Inc.. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ "Impromptu query for Seattle, Washington". National Register Information System. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. ^ Nomination and Designation Processes, Landmarks and Designation, Department of Neighborhoods, City of Seattle. Accessed online December 28, 2007. ^ "Recordings and Broadcasts". Seattle Symphony. Retrieved on 2007-10-19. ^ "History". Seattle Symphony Orchestra. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ a b "About the School". Pacific Northwest Ballet. Retrieved on 2007-10-19. ^ "Met Opera and Seattle Opera to Co-Produce Gluck’s Final Operatic Masterpiece "Iphigénie en Tauride"". Press release. Metropolitan Opera (2006-12-18). Retrieved on 2007-10-21. This press release from New York's Metropolitan Opera describes the Seattle Opera as "one of the leading opera companies in the United States… recognized internationally…" ^ "Wagner". Seattle Opera. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ Matthew Westphal (2006-08-21). "Seattle Opera's First International Wagner Competition Announces Winners", Playbill Arts. Retrieved on 21 October 2007. ^ "Home page". SYSO. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ Eric L. Flom (2002-04-21). "Fifth (5th) Avenue Theatre". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-19. ^ Examples of local talent are Billy Joe Huels (lead singer of the Dusty 45s starring in Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story and Sarah Rudinoff in Wonderful Town. National-level stars include Stephen Lynch in The Wedding Singer, which went on to Broadway and Cathy Rigby in Peter Pan (1) "Seattle World Premiere of Cry-Baby Delayed. Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story Added to Season". The 5th Avenue Theatre (2006-10-11). Retrieved on 2007-02-19. (2) "Wonderful Town: A Madcap Manhattan Romp". The 5th Avenue Theatre (2006). Retrieved on 2007-10-25. (3) Misha Berson (2006-02-11). "Eager-to-please new musical raids the '80s", Seattle Times. Retrieved on 25 October 2007. (4) "Show Archives". The 5th Avenue Theatre. Retrieved on 2007-10-25. ^ a b Brendan
Kiley (2008-01-31). "Old Timers, New Theater", The Stranger, p. 27. "around 100 theater companies… Twenty-eight have some sort of Actors' Equity contract…" ^ "Theatre Producers and Presenters". Seattle Performs. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. Lists 145 theatrical production companies in the Seattle metropolitan area, the majority of them in the city. The list is certainly not complete. ^ (1) "Theater Calendar", The Stranger (2007-10-18), p. 45. This lists 23 distinct venues in Seattle hosting live theater (in the narrow sense) that week; it also lists 7 other venues hosting burlesque or cabaret, and three hosting improv. In any given week, some theaters are "dark." (2) Misha Berson (2005-02-16). "A new wave of fringe theater groups hits Seattle". The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. This article mentions five fringe theater groups that were new at that time, each with a venue. ^ Daniel C. Schechter (2002). Pacific Northwest. Lonely Planet. p. 33. ISBN 1864503777. ^ Stuart Eskenazi (2005-03-01). "Where culture goes to town", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 19 October 2007. ^ a b c Clark Humphrey (2000-05-04). "Rock Music – Seattle". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ Seattle_Music, the best nightclub Seattle ever had was named Pier 70 Chowder House with the best disk jocky named David Prince ^ Lori Patrick (2007-08-02). "Skip your commute for a "Traffic Jam" with a twist, a Hip Hop & Spoken Word Mashup at City Hall, Aug. 16". City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-10-06. ^ "Indie and Team Semis results". National Poetry Slam 2006 (2006-08-12). Archived from the original on 2006-08-30. Retrieved on 2007-10-06. ^ "Home". Seattle Poetry Slam. Retrieved on 2007-10-06. ^ John Marshall (2007-08-19). "Eleventh Hour's volunteers deserve credit for a strong poetry fest revival", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 6 October 2007. ^ "Joint Operation Agreement". The Seattle Times Company. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ "Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce". Retrieved on 2007-11-03. ^ (1) John Marshall (2002-02-07). "Rumble in the weekly-newspaper jungle", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 28 October 2007. (2) Mike Lewis (2006-08-17). "A new history at Seattle Weekly", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 28 October 2007. ^ a b "Seattle-Area TV & Radio Stations and Their Formats", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ Brier Dudley (2007-04-30). "At KEXP, technology and music embrace", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 21 October 2007. ^ "Top Green Websites", Time (2007). Retrieved on 11 December 2008. ^ "Cruise Seattle". Port of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-11-06. ^ Annie Wagner (May May 25-31 2006). "Everything SIFF", The Stranger. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ Judy Chia Hui Hsu (2007-07-23). "Rains wash records away", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ Casey McNerthney (2007-08-14). "Where there's smoke, there's Hempfest", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ Misha Berson (2007-09-03). "Strong attendance, but not a record: 8:30 p.m.", Report from Bumbershoot: Monday, The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ "Create Your Seattle Center Experience". Seattle Center. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ "Home page". The Seattle Antiquarian Book Fair & Book Arts Show. Retrieved on 2007-10-26. ^ "Sakura-Con English-language site". Asia Northwest Cultural Education Association. Retrieved on 2007-10-25. Relevant information is on "Location" and "History" pages. ^ Regina Hackett (2007-08-24). "Video games rule at Penny Arcade Expo", Seattle Post Intelligencer. Retrieved on 26 October 2007. ^ "Home page". Three Dollar Bill Cinema. Retrieved on 2007-10-25. ^ Amy Rolph (2007-07-13). "9,000 bicyclists ready to ride in annual event", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ Murakami, Kery (2006-06-23). "Gay pride events multiply", Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 19 October 2007. ^ "About the Henry". Henry Art Gallery. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. ^ Dave Wilma. "Seattle Art Museum opens in Volunteer Park on June 23, 1933.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. ^ Carrie E.A. Scott. "And the Galleries Marched in Two by Two". Visual Codec. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ "About SOIL". SOIL Gallery. Retrieved on 2007-10-27. ^ "About the gallery". Crawl Space Gallery. Retrieved on 2007-10-27. ^ Walt Crowley (1999-07-08). "Woodland Park Zoo – A Snapshot History". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. ^ Patrick McRoberts (1999-01-01). "Seattle Aquarium opens to excited crowds on May 20, 1977.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. ^ "Seattle Underground Tour", USA Today (2006-10-24). Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ "Community Centers". City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-10-21. ^ Greg Lange (2003-03-14). "Seattle Metropolitan hockey team wins the Stanley Cup on March 26, 1917.". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-09-29. ^ Cassandra Tate (2005-05-25). "Seattle Storm wins WNBA championship on October 12, 2004.".
HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-09-29. ^ "NBA approves Sonics' move to Oklahoma amid legal wrangling", KOMO-TV (2008-04-18). Retrieved on 18 April 2008. ^ "Seattle Sounders to announce they're moving to up to MLS", The Province, Canada.com (2007-11-06). Retrieved on 8 November 2007. ^ "Preliminaries are Over; Kent to Become Home to Events Center". City of Kent (2007-07-27). Retrieved on 2008-12-11. ^ "2001 All-Star Game", Seattle Post-Intelligencer (2001-07-11). Retrieved on 9 October 2007. ^ Richard C. Berner (1991). Seattle 1900-1920: From Boomtown, Urban Turbulence, to Restoration. Seattle: Charles Press. pp. p. 97. ISBN 0962988901. ^ a b "Fortune 500 list for Washington", Fortune Magazine (2006-04-17). Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Locke Unveils Boeing 7E7 Tax Cut Wish List", KOMO News (2003-06-09). Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ George Howland Jr. (2004-05-23). "The Billion-Dollar Neighborhood", Seattle Weekly. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ Bill King (2006-08-15). "2006 Mayor's Challenge: Where Are the Best Metros for Future Business Locations?", Expansion Magazine. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ Sara Clemence (2005-07-14). "Most Overpriced Places In The U.S. 2005", Forbes magazine. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Media Contacts: Alaska Airlines". Alaska Airlines. Retrieved on 2008-12-11. ^ Washington State Office of Financial Management (2008-06-30). "April 1 Population of Cities, Towns, and Counties Used for Allocation of Selected State Revenues, State of Washington" (PDF). Washington State Office of Financial Management. Retrieved on 2008-07-07. ^ "Seattle city, Washington". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ "Seattle in Focus: A Profile from Census 2000". The Brookings Institute (November 2003). Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ Lornet Turnbull (2008-09-28). "Obama's presidential run has many others of mixed race looking at how they describe themselves", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 28 September 2008. ^ a b "Census 2000, Summary File 3" (PDF) 32–33, 52–54. City of Seattle (2002-09-17). Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ "A Roof Over Every Bed in King County" within ten years". The Committee to End Homelessness in King County. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ "Council Adopts Strategies to Implement “Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness”". King County (2005-09-19). Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ a b Bob Young (2006-08-15). "Nickels backs 60 percent increase in city's population by 2040", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 28 September 2009. ^ Bob Young (2006-04-04). "High-rise boom coming to Seattle?", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ Lornet Turnbull (2006-11-16). "12.9% in Seattle are gay or bisexual, second only to S.F., study says", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ The Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation Law and Public Policy (October 2006). "Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey" (PDF). UCLA School of Law. Retrieved on 2007-09-28. ^ US Census Bureau (2004-03-16). "[http:http://www.census.gov/statab/ccdb/cit3060r.txt City and County Data Book 2000: Cities with 100,000 or More Population Ranked by Subject]" (TXT). US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-12-17. ^ "Seattle named fittest city in America", MSNBC (2005-01-06). Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ Seattle City Council Members, 1869-Present Chronological Listing, Seattle City Archives. Accessed online July 19, 2008. ^ S. E. Fleming, Civics (supplement): Seattle King County, Seattle Public Schools, 1919, p. 10. ^ Ethics and Elections Commission. "Seattle Form of Government". City of Seattle. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ a b Neil Modie (2005-08-15). "Where have Seattle's lefties gone?", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Special Report: 2006 Vote Ratings House Liberal Scores", National Journal. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Parents involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 Et Al." (PDF). Supreme Court of the United States (2007-06-28). Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ Cassandra Tate (2002-09-07). "Busing in Seattle: A Well-Intentioned Failure". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ "High court rejects school integration plans", The Seattle Times (2007-06-28). Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ "School Guide", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ "The Complete List: The Top 100 Global Universities", Newsweek International Edition (2006-08-13). Retrieved on 2 November 2007. Archived from the original on 15 March 2007. ^ Andrew Goldstein (2001-09-10). "Seattle Central", Time magazine. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. ^ "Cobb honored as one of "Resuscitation Greats"". UW School of Medicine Online News (2002-08-16). Retrieved on 2007-09-29. ^ "King County Medic One: A History of Excellence", King County (2007-03-29). Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ "Trauma Center". UW Medicine. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. ^ Tom Boyer (2005-08-19). "Pill Hill property sells for a bundle", The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 3 October 2007. ^ Walt Crowley (2000-09-19). "Interurban Rail Transit in King County and the Puget Sound Region – A Snapshot History", HistoryLink.org. Retrieved on 29 September 2007. ^ Les
Christie (2007-06-29). "New Yorkers are Top Transit Users", CNNMoney.com. Retrieved on 17 August 2008. ^ "The South Lake Union Streetcar". Seattle Department of Transportation. Retrieved on 2007-09-29. ^ a b "History". Washington State Department of Transit. Retrieved on 2007-09-29. ^ Junius Rochester (1998-11-10). "Maynard, Dr. David Swinson (1808-1873)". HistoryLink. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. [edit] See also Music of Washington People from Seattle Registered Historic Places in King County Seattle Public Library Seattle sister cities Tillicum Village [edit] References [edit] Bibliography Jones, Nard (1972). Seattle. New York City: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-01875-4. Morgan, Murray (1982 (originally published 1951, 1982 revised and updated, first illustrated edition)). Skid Road: an Informal Portrait of Seattle. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-95846-4. Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, ed. (1998 (originally published 1994)). Shaping Seattle Architecture: A Historical Guide to the Architects. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0295973668. Sale, Roger (1976). Seattle: Past To Present. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-95615-1. Speidel, William C. (1978). Doc Maynard: the man who invented Seattle. Seattle: Nettle Creek Publishing Company. pp. pp. 196–197, 200. ISBN 0-914890-02-6. Speidel provides a substantial bibliography with extensive primary sources. Speidel, William C. (1967). Sons of the profits; or, There's no business like grow business: the Seattle story, 1851–1901. Seattle: Nettle Creek Publishing Company. pp. pp. 196–197, 200. ISBN 0-914890-00-X, ISBN 0-914890-06-9. Speidel provides a substantial bibliography with extensive primary sources. [edit] Further reading Klingle, Matthew (2007). Emerald City: An Environmental History of Seattle.. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300116411. MacGibbon, Elma (1904). "Seattle, the city of destiny" (DJVU). Leaves of knowledge. Washington State Library's Classics in Washington History collection. Shaw & Borden. OCLC 61326250. http://www.secstate.wa.gov/history/publications%5Fdetail.aspx?p=63. Pierce, J. Kingston (2003). Eccentric Seattle: Pillars and Pariahs Who Made the City Not Such a Boring Place After All. Pullman, Washington: Washington State University Press. ISBN 978-0-87422-269-2. [edit] External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Seattle, Washington Official website Historylink.org provides an unparalleled collection of articles on the history of Seattle and Washington. See especially their history of Seattle and King County. Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project Seattle, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary Seattle, Encyclopædia Britannica 11th Edition (1911), now in the public domain. Seattle travel guide from Wikitravel Seattle is at coordinates 47°37′N 122°20′W / 47.61, -122.33 (Seattle)Coordinates: 47°37′N 122°20′W / 47.61, -122.33 (Seattle) [show]v • d • eSeattle neighborhoods Ballard · Beacon Hill · Belltown · Bitter Lake · Blue Ridge · Broadmoor · Broadview · Bryant · Capitol Hill · Cascade · Central District · Central Waterfront · Cherry Hill · Crown Hill · Denny Regrade · Denny-Blaine · Downtown · Eastlake · First Hill · Fremont · Georgetown · Green Lake · Greenwood · Harbor Island · Industrial District · Interbay · International District · Judkins · Lake City (Cedar Park, Matthews Beach, Meadowbrook, Olympic Hills, Victory Heights) · Laurelhurst · Leschi · Lower Queen Anne · Madison Park · Madison Valley · Madrona · Magnolia · Montlake · Mount Baker · New Holly · Northgate (Haller Lake, Licton Springs, Maple Leaf, Pinehurst) · Phinney Ridge · Pioneer Square · Queen Anne · Rainier Beach · Rainier Valley (Brighton, Columbia City, Dunlap) · Rainier View · Ravenna · Roosevelt · Sand Point · Seward Park · Sodo · South Lake Union · South Park · Squire Park · University District · University Village · View Ridge · Wallingford (Meridian, Northlake) · Washington Park · Wedgwood · Westlake · West Seattle · Windermere West Seattle is further divided into: Alki · Arbor Heights · Delridge (Highland Park, High Point, North Delridge, Pigeon Point, Riverview, Roxhill, South Delridge) · Fairmount Park · Fauntleroy · Gatewood · Genesee · North Admiral · Seaview [show]v • d • eMunicipalities and communities of King County, Washington County seat: Seattle Cities Algona | Auburn‡ | Bellevue | Black Diamond | Bothell‡ | Burien | Carnation | Clyde Hill | Covington | Des Moines | Duvall | Enumclaw‡ | Federal Way | Issaquah | Kenmore | Kent | Kirkland | Lake Forest Park | Maple Valley | Medina | Mercer Island | Milton‡ | Newcastle | Normandy Park | North Bend | Pacific‡ | Redmond | Renton | Sammamish | SeaTac | Seattle | Shoreline | Snoqualmie | Tukwila | Woodinville Towns Beaux Arts Village | Hunts Point | Skykomish | Yarrow Point CDPs Ames Lake | Baring | Bryn Mawr-Skyway | Cascade-Fairwood | Cottage Lake | East Hill-
Meridian | East Renton Highlands | Eastgate | Fall City | Hobart | Inglewood-Finn Hill | Kingsgate | Lake Marcel-Stillwater | Lake Morton-Berrydale | Lakeland North | Lakeland South | Lea Hill | Maple Heights-Lake Desire | Mirrormont | Ravensdale | Riverbend | Riverton-Boulevard Park | Tanner | Union Hill-Novelty Hill | Vashon | West Lake Sammamish | White Center Unincorporated communities Burton | Cumberland | Dockton | Ernie's Grove | Grotto | Hot Springs | Kangley | Klahanie | Palmer | Portage | Preston | Wellington Footnotes ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties [show]v • d • e State of Washington Olympia (capital) Topics State Government | Cities | Towns | Congressional Delegation | City Governments | Governors | History | Geography | People | Legislative Initiatives | Popular Initiatives | Legislature | Music | Parks | Highways | Symbols | Visitor Attractions Regions Cascade Range | Central Washington | Columbia Gorge | Columbia Plateau | Columbia River | Eastern Washington | Inland Empire | Kitsap Peninsula | Long Beach Peninsula | Okanogan Country | Olympic Peninsula | Palouse | Puget Sound | San Juan Islands | Skagit Valley | Western Washington | Yakima Valley Larger cities and metropolitan areas Seattle | Seattle metropolitan area | Spokane | Tacoma | Tri-Cities | Vancouver | Bellevue | Everett Smaller cities Aberdeen | Anacortes | Arlington | Auburn | Bainbridge Island | Battle Ground | Bellingham | Bonney Lake | Bothell | Bremerton | Burien | Camas | Centralia | Cheney | Cle Elum | Covington | Des Moines | East Wenatchee | Edmonds | Ellensburg | Enumclaw | Federal Way | Fort Lewis | Grandview | Issaquah | Kelso | Kenmore | Kennewick | Kent | Kirkland | Lacey | Lake Forest Park | Lakewood | Longview | Lynden | Lynnwood | Maple Valley | Marysville | Mercer Island | Mill Creek | Monroe | Moses Lake | Mountlake Terrace | Mount Vernon | Mukilteo | Oak Harbor | Olympia | Pasco | Port Angeles | Port Orchard | Prosser | Pullman | Puyallup | Redmond | Renton | Richland | Sammamish | SeaTac | Sedro-Woolley | Shelton | Shoreline | Spokane Valley | Sunnyside | Tukwila | Tumwater | University Place | Walla Walla | Washougal | Wenatchee | West Richland | Woodinville | Yakima | Zillah Counties Adams | Asotin | Benton | Chelan | Clallam | Clark | Columbia | Cowlitz | Douglas | Ferry | Franklin | Garfield | Grant | Grays Harbor | Island | Jefferson | King | Kitsap | Kittitas | Klickitat | Lewis | Lincoln | Mason | Okanogan | Pacific | Pend Oreille | Pierce | San Juan | Skagit | Skamania | Snohomish | Spokane | Stevens | Thurston | Wahkiakum | Walla Walla | Whatcom | Whitman | Yakima [show]v • d • eSeattle metropolitan area Central cities Seattle • Tacoma • Bellevue • Everett • Olympia Outer cities Bremerton • Mount Vernon • Oak Harbor • Silverdale • Anacortes • Shelton Central counties King • Pierce • Snohomish Outer counties Thurston • Kitsap • Skagit • Island • Mason [show]v • d • e50 largest cities of the United States by population New York City Los Angeles Chicago Houston Phoenix Philadelphia San Antonio San Diego Dallas San Jose Detroit Jacksonville Indianapolis San Francisco Columbus Austin Fort Worth Memphis Charlotte Baltimore El Paso Milwaukee Boston Seattle Nashville Denver Washington Las Vegas Louisville Portland Oklahoma City Tucson Atlanta Albuquerque Fresno Long Beach Sacramento Mesa Kansas City Cleveland Virginia Beach Omaha Miami Oakland Tulsa Minneapolis Colorado Springs Raleigh Honolulu Arlington [show]v • d • eLargest urban areas (rank) in the United States by population New York-Newark • Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana • Chicago • Philadelphia • Miami • Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington • Boston • Washington • Detroit • Houston • Atlanta • San Francisco-Oakland • Phoenix • Seattle • San Diego • Minneapolis-Saint Paul • St. Louis • Baltimore • Tampa-St. Petersburg • Denver • Cleveland • Pittsburgh • Portland • San Jose • Riverside-San Bernardino • Cincinnati • Norfolk-Virginia Beach • Sacramento • Kansas City • San Antonio • Las Vegas • Milwaukee • Indianapolis • Providence • Orlando • Columbus • New Orleans • Buffalo • Memphis • Austin • Bridgeport-Stamford • Salt Lake City • Jacksonville • Louisville • Hartford • Richmond • Charlotte • Nashville • Oklahoma City • Tucson Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle" Categories: Neighborhoods in Seattle | Featured articles | Settlements established in 1853 | Cities in Washington | Seattle, Washington | King County, Washington | Cities in the Seattle metropolitan area | County seats in Washington | Towns and cities with limited zero-fare transport | Port settlements in Washington
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227's YouTube "Chili" - STOMP THE YARD (BLACK COLLEGE STEP SHOW MOVIE) Starring Columbus Short, Meagan Good, Ne-Yo, Darrin Henson, Chris Brown, Brian White, Las Alonso, Valerie Pettiford & Harry Lennix (NBA Mix)!
Beyonce * Maxwell * Mario ft. Gucci Mane & sean Garrett * Drake ft. Lil Wayne * Ginuwine * Fabolous Featuring The-Dream * Keyshia Cole Duet With Monica * Jay-Z, Rihanna & Kanye West * Gucci Mane Featuring Plies * Mary Mary Featuring Kierra "KiKi" Sheard * Ice Cream Paint Job * Pleasure P * Mariah Carey * Trey Songz * Trey Songz Featuring Gucci Mane & Soulja Boy Tell'em * R. Kelly Featuring Keri Hilson * K'Jon * Young Money * Twista Featuring Erika Shevon * Yo Gotti * New Boyz * Jeremih * Keri Hilson Featuring Kanye West & Ne-Yo * Musiq Soulchild * Whitney Houston * Anthony Hamilton * Charlie Wilson * Chrisette Michele * Jamie Foxx Featuring T-Pain * Plies * LeToya Featuring Ludacris * Mary J. Blige Featuring Drake * Mullage * Charlie Wilson * Jamie Foxx Featuring Drake, Kanye West + The-Dream * Jamie Foxx Featuring Drake, Kanye West + The-Dream * Jeremih * Mishon * Jennifer Hudson * Clipse Featuring Pharrell Williams * Kid Cudi Featuring Kanye West & Common * Raphael Saadiq Featuring Stevie Wonder & CJ * Anthony Hamilton Featuring David Banner * Jazmine Sullivan * Trey Songz Featuring Drake * F.L.Y. (Fast Life Yungstaz) * Laura Izibor
Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 (227's YouTube Chili")!
Beyonce * Shakira * Jordin Sparks * Mariah Carey * New Boyz * Jason DeRulo * Mario ft. Gucci Mane & Sean Garrett * Katy Perry * The Black Eyed Peas * Colby Caillat * Fabolous ft. The Dream * Jason Aldean * Daughtry * Lady Gaga * Michael Franti & Spearhead Featuring Cherine Anderson * Boys Like Girls * Flo Rida Featuring Ne-Yo * Dorrough * Green Day * Linkin Park * Pink * Justin Bieber * Rob Thomas * Maxwell * Jason Mraz * Young Money * The Fray * Rascal Flatts * Zac Brown Band * Shinedown * Disney's Friends For Change * Toby Keith * Darius Rucker * Cascada * Billy Currington * Justin Moore * Kid Cudi Featuring Kanye West & Common * Keith Urban * Randy Houser * Drake Featuring Lil Wayne * Jeremih * Pearl Jam * Kelly Clarkson * George Strait * LMFAO * Twista Featuring Erika Shevon * Uncle Kracker * Eric Church * Jack Ingram * Love And Theft * Parachute * Chris Young * Theory Of A Deadman * Tim McGraw * Sean Paul * Gloriana * Creed * Ginuwine * Keyshia Cole Duet With Monica * Blake Shelton * Iyaz
2009 NCAA Basketball Tournament! List of NCAA Division 1 Teams & Coaches at 227!
America East Conference Albany - Will Brown Binghamton - Kevin Broadus Boston University - Dennis Wolff Hartford - Dan Leibovitz Maine - Ted Woodward New Hampshire - Bill Herrion Stony Brook - Steve Pikiell UMBC - Randy Monroe Vermont - Mike Lonergan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! America East Conference
Atlantic 10 Conference Charlotte - Bobby Lutz Dayton - Brian Gregory Duquesne - Ron Everhart Fordham - Dereck Whittenburg George Washington - Karl Hobbs La Salle - John Giannini Rhode Island - Jim Baron Richmond - Chris Mooney St. Bonaventure - Mark Schmidt Saint Joseph's - Phil Martelli Saint Louis - Rick Majerus Temple - Fran Dunphy UMass - Derek Kellogg Xavier - Sean Miller 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic 10 Conference
Atlantic Coast Conference Boston College - Al Skinner Clemson - Oliver Purnell Duke - Mike Krzyzewski Florida State - Leonard Hamilton Georgia Tech - Paul Hewitt Maryland - Gary Williams Miami (Florida) - Frank Haith North Carolina - Roy Williams North Carolina State - Sidney Lowe Virginia - Dave Leitao Virginia Tech - Seth Greenberg Wake Forest - Dino Gaudio 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Coast Conference
Atlantic Sun Conference Belmont - Rick Byrd Campbell - Robbie Laing East Tennessee State - Murry Bartow Florida Gulf Coast - Dave Balza Jacksonville - Cliff Warren Kennesaw State - Tony Ingle Lipscomb - Scott Sanderson Mercer - Bob Hoffman North Florida - Matt Kilcullen Stetson - Derek Waugh USC Upstate - Eddie Payne 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Sun Conference
Big 12 Conference Baylor - Scott Drew Colorado - Jeff Bzdelik Iowa State - Greg McDermott Kansas - Bill Self Kansas State - Frank Martin Missouri - Mike Anderson Nebraska - Doc Sadler Oklahoma - Jeff Capel III Oklahoma State - Travis Ford Texas - Rick Barnes Texas A&M - Mark Turgeon Texas Tech - Pat Knight 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big 12 Conference
Big East Conference Cincinnati - Mick Cronin Connecticut - Jim Calhoun DePaul - Jerry Wainwright Georgetown - John Thompson III Louisville - Rick Pitino Marquette - Buzz Williams Notre Dame - Mike Brey Pittsburgh - Jamie Dixon Providence - Keno Davis Rutgers - Fred Hill St. John's - Norm Roberts Seton Hall - Bobby Gonzalez South Florida - Stan Heath Syracuse - Jim Boeheim Villanova - Jay Wright West Virginia - Bobby Huggins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big East Conference
Big Sky Conference Eastern Washington - Kirk Earlywine Idaho State - Joe O'Brien Montana - Wayne Tinkle Montana State - Brad Huse Northern Arizona - Mike Adras Northern Colorado - Tad Boyle Portland State - Ken Bone Sacramento State - Brian Katz Weber State - Randy Rahe 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Sky Conference
Big South Conference Charleston Southern - Barclay Radebaugh Coastal Carolina - Cliff Ellis Gardner-Webb - Rick Scruggs High Point - Bart Lundy Liberty - Ritchie McKay Presbyterian - Gregg Nibert Radford - Brad Greenberg UNC-Asheville - Eddie Biedenbach VMI - Duggar Baucom Winthrop - Randy Peele 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big South Conference
Big Ten Conference Illinois - Bruce Weber Indiana - Tom Crean Iowa - Todd Lickliter Michigan - John Beilein Michigan State - Tom Izzo Minnesota - Tubby Smith Northwestern - Bill Carmody Ohio State - Thad Matta Penn State - Ed DeChellis Purdue - Matt Painter Wisconsin - Bo Ryan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Ten Conference
Big West Conference Cal Poly - Kevin Bromley Cal State Fullerton - Bob Burton Cal State Northridge - Bobby Braswell Long Beach State - Dan Monson Pacific - Bob Thomason UC Davis - Gary Stewart UC Irvine - Pat Douglass UC Riverside - Jim Wooldridge UC Santa Barbara - Bob Williams 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big West Conference
Colonial Athletic Association Delaware - Monte Ross Drexel - Bruiser Flint George Mason - Jim Larranaga Georgia State - Rod Barnes Hofstra - Tom Pecora James Madison - Matt Brady Northeastern - Bill Coen Old Dominion - Blaine Taylor Towson - Pat Kennedy UNC-Wilmington - Benny Moss Virginia Commonwealth - Anthony Grant William & Mary - Tony Shaver 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Colonial Athletic Association
Conference USA East Carolina - Mack McCarthy Houston - Tom Penders Marshall - Donnie Jones Memphis - John Calipari Rice - Ben Braun Southern Methodist - Matt Doherty Southern Mississippi - Larry Eustachy Tulane - Dave Dickerson Tulsa - Doug Wojcik UAB - Mike Davis UCF - Kirk Speraw UTEP - Tony Barbee 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Conference USA
Horizon League - Butler - Brad Stevens Cleveland State - Gary Waters Detroit - Ray McCallum Loyola (Chicago) - Jim Whitesell UIC - Jimmy Collins UW-Green Bay - Tod Kowalczyk UW-Milwaukee - Rob Jeter Valparaiso - Homer Drew Wright State - Brad Brownell Youngstown State - Jerry Slocum 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Horizon League
Independents Bryant - Tim O'Shea Cal State Bakersfield - Keith Brown Chicago State - Benjy Taylor Houston Baptist - Ron Cottrell Longwood - Mike Gillian New Jersey Institute of Technology - Jim Engles North Carolina Central - Henry Dickerson Savannah State - Horace Broadnax SIU-Edwardsville - Lennox Forrester Texas-Pan American - Tom Schuberth Utah Valley - Dick Hunsaker 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! NCAA Division I independent schools (basketball)
Ivy League Brown - Jesse Agel Columbia - Joe Jones Cornell - Steve Donahue Dartmouth - Terry Dunn Harvard - Tommy Amaker Penn - Glen Miller Princeton - Sydney Johnson Yale - James Jones 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ivy League
Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference Canisius - Tom Parrotta Fairfield - Ed Cooley Iona - Kevin Willard Loyola (Maryland) - Jimmy Patsos Manhattan - Barry Rohrssen Marist - Chuck Martin Niagara - Joe Mihalich Rider - Tommy Dempsey St. Peter's - John Dunne Siena - Fran McCaffery 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference
Mid-American Conference Akron – Keith Dambrot Ball State – Billy Taylor Bowling Green – Louis Orr Buffalo – Reggie Witherspoon Central Michigan – Ernie Ziegler Eastern Michigan – Charles Ramsey Kent State – Geno Ford Miami – Charlie Coles Northern Illinois – Ricardo Patton Ohio – John Groce Toledo – Gene Cross Western Michigan – Steve Hawkins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference
Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference Bethune-Cookman - Clifford Reed Coppin State - Ron Mitchell Delaware State - Greg Jackson Florida A&M - Mike Gillespie Hampton - Kevin Nickelberry Howard - Gil Jackson Maryland-Eastern Shore - Meredith Smith Morgan State - Todd Bozeman Norfolk State - Anthony Evans North Carolina A&T - Jerry Eaves South Carolina State - Tim Carter Winston-Salem State - Bobby Collins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference
Missouri Valley Conference Bradley - Jim Les Creighton - Dana Altman Drake - Mark Phelps Evansville - Marty Simmons Illinois State - Tim Jankovich Indiana State - Kevin McKenna Missouri State - Cuonzo Martin Northern Iowa - Ben Jacobson Southern Illinois - Chris Lowery Wichita State - Gregg Marshall 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Missouri Valley Conference
Mountain West Conference Air Force - Jeff Reynolds Brigham Young - Dave Rose Colorado State - Tim Miles New Mexico - Steve Alford San Diego State - Steve Fisher Texas Christian - Neil Dougherty UNLV - Lon Kruger Utah - Jim Boylen Wyoming - Heath Schroyer 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mountain West Conference
Northeast Conference Central Connecticut State - Howie Dickenman Fairleigh Dickinson - Tom Green LIU-Brooklyn - Jim Ferry Monmouth - Dave Calloway Mount St. Mary's - Milan Brown Quinnipiac - Tom Moore Robert Morris - Mike Rice Jr. Sacred Heart - Dave Bike St. Francis (PA) - Don Friday St. Francis (NY) - Brian Nash Wagner - Mike Deane 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Northeast Conference
Ohio Valley Conference Austin Peay - Dave Loos Eastern Illinois - Mike Miller Eastern Kentucky - Jeff Neubauer Jacksonville State - James Green Morehead State - Donnie Tyndall Murray State - Billy Kennedy Southeast Missouri - Zac Roman Tennessee-Martin - Bret Campbell Tennessee State - Cy Alexander Tennessee Tech - Mike Sutton 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ohio Valley Conference
Pacific-10 Conference Arizona - Russ Pennell Arizona State - Herb Sendek California - Mike Montgomery Oregon - Ernie Kent Oregon State - Craig Robinson Stanford - Johnny Dawkins UCLA - Ben Howland USC - Tim Floyd Washington - Lorenzo Romar Washington State - Tony Bennett 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Pacific-10 Conference
Patriot League American - Jeff Jones Army - Jim Crews Bucknell - Dave Paulsen Colgate - Emmett Davis Holy Cross - Ralph Willard Lafayette - Fran O'Hanlon Lehigh - Brett Reed Navy - Billy Lange 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Patriot League
Southeastern Conference Alabama - Philip Pearson Arkansas - John Pelphrey Auburn - Jeff Lebo Florida - Billy Donovan Georgia - Pete Herrmann Kentucky - Billy Gillispie LSU - Trent Johnson Mississippi - Andy Kennedy Mississippi State - Rick Stansbury South Carolina - Darrin Horn Tennessee - Bruce Pearl Vanderbilt - Kevin Stallings 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southeastern Conference
Southern Conference Appalachian State - Houston Fancher Chattanooga - John Shulman The Citadel - Ed Conroy College of Charleston - Bobby Cremins Davidson - Bob McKillop Elon - Ernie Nestor Furman - Jeff Jackson Georgia Southern - Jeff Price Samford - Jimmy Tillette UNC-Greensboro - Mike Dement Western Carolina - Larry Hunter Wofford - Mike Young 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southern Conference
Southland Conference Central Arkansas - Rand Chappell Lamar - Steve Roccaforte McNeese State - Dave Simmons Nicholls State - J. P. Piper Northwestern State - Mike McConathy Sam Houston State - Bob Marlin Southeastern Louisiana - Jim Yarbrough Stephen F. Austin - Danny Kaspar Texas A&M-Corpus Christi - Perry Clark Texas-Arlington - Scott Cross Texas-San Antonio - Brooks Thompson Texas State - Doug Davalos 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southland Conference
Southwestern Athletic Conference Alabama A&M - L. Vann Pettaway Alabama State - Lewis Jackson Alcorn State - Samuel West Arkansas-Pine Bluff - George Ivory Grambling State - Larry Wright Jackson State - Tevester Anderson Mississippi Valley State - Sean Woods Prairie View A&M - Byron Rimm II Southern - Rob Spivery Texas Southern - Tony Harvey 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southwestern Athletic Conference
The Summit League Centenary - Greg Gary IPFW - Dane Fife IUPUI - Ron Hunter North Dakota State - Saul Phillips Oakland - Greg Kampe Oral Roberts - Scott Sutton South Dakota State - Scott Nagy Southern Utah - Roger Reid UMKC - Matt Brown Western Illinois - Derek Thomas 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! The Summit League
Sun Belt Conference Arkansas-Little Rock - Steve Shields Arkansas State - Dickey Nutt Denver - Joe Scott Florida Atlantic - Mike Jarvis Florida International - Sergio Rouco Louisiana-Lafayette - Robert Lee Louisiana-Monroe - Orlando Early Middle Tennessee - Kermit Davis New Orleans - Joe Pasternack North Texas - Johnny Jones South Alabama - Ronnie Arrow Troy - Don Maestri Western Kentucky - Ken McDonald 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Sun Belt Conference
West Coast Conference Gonzaga - Mark Few Loyola Marymount - Rodney Tention Pepperdine - Vance Walberg Portland - Eric Reveno Saint Mary's - Randy Bennett San Diego - Bill Grier San Francisco - Rex Walters Santa Clara - Kerry Keating 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! West Coast Conference
Western Athletic Conference Boise State - Greg Graham Fresno State - Steve Cleveland Hawai?i - Bob Nash Idaho - Don Verlin Louisiana Tech - Kerry Rupp Nevada - Mark Fox New Mexico State - Marvin Menzies San Jose State - George Nessman Utah State - Stew Morrill 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Western Athletic Conference
2Pac 50 Cent A Adam Tensta Akon Aaliyah Ashanti Andre 3000 B Bow Wow Bobby Valentino Beyonce Bone Thugs n Harmony Birdman (rapper) Busta Rhymes Bobby Fischer C Chris Brown Cherish Cassidy Chingy Chamillionaire Christina Milian Chrisette Michele Cashis Ciara Cypress Hill Calzone Mafia Cuban Link D Destiny's Child DJ Clue Demetri Montaque Danity Kane Day 26 Donnie D12 DJ Khaled Dr. Dre E E-40 Eminem Eazy-E F Fabolous Flo Rida Fat Joe Frankie J G G-Unit The Game H Hurricane Chris I Ice Cube J Jay-Z J.R. Rotem J Holiday Jordan Sparks K Kanye West Kelly Rowland keri hilson The Kreators L Lil' Kim Lil' Mo Lil Jon Lil Mama Lloyd Banks Lil Wayne Ludacris Lloyd Lil Mama Lil Eazy-E Leona lewis M MC Hammer Mike Shorey MF Doom Mariah Carey Mario Mary J. Blige N Ne-Yo Nate Dogg Niia N.W.A. Notorious B.I.G. Nas Nick Cannon Nelly Necro O Olivia Omarion Obie Trice Old Dirty Bastard P Public Enemy Plies P Diddy pink Pharcyde Q R Red Cafe Run DMC Ray J R Kelly Rihanna Rick Ross (rapper) S Sean Combs Sean Kingston Snoop Dogg Stargate Sean Garrett Suge Knight Soulja Boy Tell 'Em Stat Quo shakira T The Notorious B.I.G. Tupac Shakur Trina Tyrese T-Pain Three 6 Mafia T.I. Too Phat U Usher V V.I.C. W Warren G Wyclef Jean Wu Tang Clan will.i.am X Xzibit Y Young Jeezy Yung Berg Z
Michael Jackson Bing Crosby U.S. The Beatles AC/DC ABBA Alla Bee Gees Bob Marley Celine Dion Cliff Richard The Drifters Elton John Herbert von Karajan Julio Iglesias Led Zeppelin Madonna Mariah Carey Elvis Presley Nana Mouskouri Pink Floyd The Rolling Stones Tino Rossi Wei Wei
Adriano Celentano Aerosmith Backstreet Boys Barry White Billy Joel Bon Jovi Boney M. The Carpenters Charles Aznavour Cher Chicago Dave Clark Five David Bowie Deep Purple Depeche Mode Dire Straits Dolly Parton The Eagles Electric Engelbert Humperdinck Fats Domino Fleetwood Mac The Four Seasons Frank Sinatra Garth Brooks Genesis George Michael Guns N' Roses James Last The Jackson 5 Janet Jackson Johnny Hallyday Kenny Rogers Lionel Richie Luciano Pavarotti Metallica Michiya Mihashi Mireille Mathieu Modern Talking Neil Diamond Olivia Newton-John Patti Page Paul McCartney Perry Como Pet Shop Boys Phil Collins Prince Queen Ricky Nelson Roberto Carlos Rod Stewart Salvatore Adamo Status Quo Stevie Wonder Teresa Teng Tina Turner Tom Jones U2 Valeriya The Ventures Whitney Houston The Who
Annie Lennox B'z Britney Spears Carlos Santana Dalida Earth, Wind & Fire Eddy Arnold Eminem Eurythmics Gloria Estefan Hibari Misora Journey Scorpions Van Halen Ace of Base Alan Jackson Country Alice Cooper Hard rock Andrea Bocelli Opera The Andrews Sisters Swing Ayumi Hamasaki Pop Black Sabbath Heavy metal Barbra Streisand Pop / Adult contemporary Beach Boys Rock Pop Bob Dylan Folk / Rock Bob Seger Rock Boston Arena rock Boyz II Men R&B Bruce Springsteen Rock Bryan Adams Def Leppard Destiny's Child R&B / Pop Dreams Come True Pop / Jazz Duran Duran Enya Ireland Four Tops George Strait Glay Iron Maiden Jay-Z Hip hop Jean Michel Jarre Jethro Tull Johnny Cash Kazuhiro Moriuchi Kiss Hard rock Kenny G Kylie Minogue Luis Miguel Linkin Park Meat Loaf Michael Bolton Mills Brothers Mötley Crüe Mr.Children Nat King Cole New Kids on the Block Nirvana 'N Sync Oasis Orhan Gencebay Pearl Jam Petula Clark Red Hot Chili Peppers The Police Ray Conniff Reba McEntire R.E.M. Richard Clayderman Ricky Martin Robbie Williams Roxette Sweden Shakira Colombia
The Seekers Australia Spice Girls Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers Tony Bennett T.Rex UB40 Vicente Fernandez Village People Willie Nelson
Jamaal Al-Din, a native of Grand Rapids, Michigan and former leading scorer of Olympic Basketball and LSU great, Ed Palubinskas brings to you Michigan State University's and the NBA's Earvin "Magic" Johnson at 227's YouTube "MAGIC!" provided by Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227-the everything basketball website, featuring YouTube Videos and Wikipedia information on the legendary Earvin "Magic" Johnson, The Magic Johnson Foundation, Magic Johnson Enterprises, and everything including the magical phrase..."MAGIC!" 227's YouTube "MAGIC!"
New Feature at 227: 227's FameFifteen News!
FameFifteen is a Boise, Idaho based website with news, features and videos on Boise's "Famous" (LOL!) Check it out- FameFifteen!
As we look to expand basketball marketing, camps and clinics nationally, our basketball affiliate programs are scheduled to begin in March of 2008. Our affiliates, exciting, take a look at this list: ebay, StubHub.com, Yahoo Affiliate Program!, TickCo Premium Seating, RazorGator Affiliate Program, SightSell, VistaPrint.com, Pokeorder and WeHaveSeats.com. Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 welcomes our affiliate partners for 2008. Among the items offered our NCAA & NBA basketball tickets both premium and discounted rates. Basketball shoes and apparel for kids, fans, players and coaches ranging from Air Jordans, LeBron James, NIKE, Adidas, AND1, hats, collectibles and memoralbilia! Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- The everything basketball website!
New Features at 227: 227's College Campus * 227's College Campus* 227's College Campus-Stubhub tickets to college sporting events, and a complete list of colleges and universities in the United States, including Puerto Rico and Canada at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website! 227's College Campus 227's NFL Football- Stubhub NFL Football tickets, as well as updated NFL news and information at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!
227's MLB Baseball- Stubhub MLB Baseball tickets, as well as updated MLB Baseball news and information at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!
227's LinkTime-Chili!!!provides navigational 227 YouTube "Chili!" links to exciting music & entertainment video webpages throught the Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, everything basketball website!
?227's YouTube "Chili" features these exciting YouTube music and entertainment celebrities...click onto to these 227 YouTube "Chili" links, channels and articles for the most watched YouTube hip-hop music videos in the world!
Sean Kingston, Justin Timberlake, M.I.A'"Paper Planes!" , Timbaland, 50 Cent, P-Diddy, Kanye West. Rihanna, Chris Brown, T.I.-"Big Things Poppin!" , Rihanna- Hate That I Love You (over 29 million views on YouTube)!, Leona Lewis, Soulja Boy, Britney Spears, Alicia Keys, Avril Lavigne, Alicia Keys- No One, Akon, NE-YO, LL Cool J, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Dmx, Jay-z, The Notorious B.I.G, 2PAC, Will Smith, Jonas Brothers, Pink "So What!" , Jordin Sparks feta. Chris Brown- "No Air" Official Music Video-over 33 million views on YouTube!), Lil Jon- get low music movie, Ludacris, Ice Cube, Flo Rida feat. T.Pain Music from the Movie Step Up 2 "Low," Chris Brown*Chris Brown feat. T.Pain- Kiss Kiss (over 51 million views on YouTube)!, Chris Brown-"With You," Chris Brown feat. Lil' Wayne (over 56 million views on YouTube!, Chris Brown "YO," Chris Brown-Run It, Chris Brown- Forever, Wu Tang Clan, The Fugees, Jordin Sparks-Tattoo, Rhianna- Cry, Rihanna- unfaithful, Rhianna- Umbrella (over 43 million views on YouTube/You Tube)!, Ashanti, Fergie Fergalicious, Fergie- Clumsy!, Rhianna- Dont' Stop The Music (over 62 million views on YouTube), Avril Lavign- Girlfriend (over 92 million views on YouTube)!, Clay Aiken, Akon, Christina Aguilera-Hurt, Clay Aiken-On My Way Here, All-American Rejects, All-American Rejects-Move Along, All-American Rejects-It Ends Tonight, Ashley Parker Angel, Michael Jackson ("Thriller"), Backstreet Boys, Augustana, Natasha Bedingfeild, Michael Jackson, Natasha Bedingfield feat. Sean Kingston-Love Like This, Natasha Bedingfield-Pocketful of Sunshine and lots more at 227's YouTube Chili!!! Your source for the world's most watched YouTube Music Videos at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!
Also: Jesse McCartney, Ray J,Usher,Elliott Yamin,Jonas Brothers,Fergie,Taylor Swift, Nelly Furtado, Jennifer Lopez, Flyleaf,Maroon 5,Kanye West,Keyshia Cole, The Pussycat Dolls,Colby O'Donis,Ashanti,R. Kelly,Girlicious, Colbi Calliat, Boy George,Mario,Three Days Grace,Beyonce', Gorillaz,Carrie Underwood,3 Doors Down,Finger Eleven, Ginuwine,Baby Bash,Kid Rock,Joe, Gwen Steffani, Billy Ray Cyrus, Danity Kane, Janel Parrish, Ciara, NLT, Fall Out Boy, Josh Turner, Fantasia and more!