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Major film studio (Hollywood) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search A major film studio is a movie production and distribution company that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box-office revenues in a given market. In the North American, Western, and global markets, the major film studios, often simply known as the majors, are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various movie production and distribution subsidiaries command approximately 90 percent of the U.S. and Canadian box office. The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary movie business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate. The "Big Six" majors, whose movie operations are based in or around Hollywood, are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s. In three cases—20th Century Fox, Warner Bros., and Paramount—the studios were one of the "Big Five" majors during that era as well. In two cases—Columbia and Universal—the studios were also considered majors, but in the next tier down, part of the "Little Three." In the sixth case, Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age; it was an important Hollywood entity, but not a major. Most of today's Big Six also include formerly independent companies that have been acquired and brought in under the corporate umbrella—for instance, Disney's Miramax Films. The majors have also established a variety of specialty divisions to concentrate on arthouse pictures (e.g., Fox Searchlight) or genre films (e.g., Sony's Screen Gems). The six major movie studios are contrasted with smaller movie production and/or distribution companies, which are known as independents or "indies." The leading independent producer/distributors—Lionsgate, Summit Entertainment, and former major studio MGM—are sometimes referred to as "mini-majors," along with fledgling studio Overture Films and the fading Weinstein Company. From 1998 through 2005, DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major, despite its relatively small output and frequent reliance on outside distributors. In 2006, DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom, Paramount's corporate parent. In autumn 2008, DreamWorks once again became an independent production company; its films will be distributed by Disney. The major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies—either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film. The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures with which the studio has had no prior involvement. While the majors do a modicum of true production, their activities are focused more in the areas of

development, financing, marketing, and merchandising. Contents [hide] 1 Today's Big Six 2 The "mini-majors" 3 History 3.1 The majors before the Golden Age 3.2 The majors during the Golden Age 3.3 The majors after the Golden Age 3.3.1 1950s–1960s 3.3.2 1970s–1980s 3.3.3 1990s–present 4 Organizational lineage 4.1 The eight Golden Age majors 4.1.1 Columbia Pictures 4.1.2 20th Century-Fox 4.1.3 Warner Bros. 4.1.4 Paramount Pictures 4.1.5 Universal Pictures 4.1.6 Metro–Goldwyn–Mayer 4.1.7 United Artists (merged into MGM) 4.1.8 RKO Radio Pictures (defunct 1960–80, dormant 1993–97) 4.2 Other significant, formerly independent entities 5 See also 6 Notes 7 Sources [edit] Today's Big Six Conglomerate Parent Division Major Studio Subsidiary Other Mainstream Subsidiaries Arthouse/"Indie" Subsidiaries Genre/B movie Subsidiaries U.S./Can. Market Share (2008)[1] Time Warner Warner Bros. Entertainment Group, HBO Warner Bros. Pictures New Line Cinema, HBO Films, Castle Rock Entertainment, Turner Entertainment, Warner Bros. Animation 18.4%1 Viacom Paramount Motion Pictures Group Paramount Pictures Nickelodeon Movies, MTV Films Paramount Vantage 16.4%2 Sony Sony Pictures Columbia Pictures Sony Pictures Animation Sony Pictures Classics Screen Gems, TriStar Pictures, Destination Films, Triumph Films, Stage 6 Films 13.2%3 News Corporation Fox Filmed Entertainment 20th Century Fox 20th Century Fox Animation, Fox Faith, New Regency (20% equity) Fox Searchlight 12.7%4 General Electric / Vivendi SA NBC Universal Universal Studios Universal Animation Studios Focus Features 12.4%5 The Walt Disney Company Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group Walt Disney Pictures/Touchstone Pictures (unified business with separate brands) Pixar Animation Studios, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Disneynature Miramax Films Hollywood Pictures 10.5%6 Note 1: Warner Bros. (Prev. totals: 2007—19.7%; 2006—14.9%; 2005—21.7%; 2004—17.7%) Note 2: Paramount (Prev. totals: 2007—15.5%; 2006—11.0%; 2005—9.8%; 2004—6.8%) Note 3: Sony/Columbia (Prev. totals: 2007—12.9%; 2006—19.3%; 2005—11.1%; 2004—16.8%) Note 4: 20th Century Fox: 10.5%; Fox Searchlight 2.2% (Prev. totals: 2007—11.9%; 2006—17.0%; 2005—16.5%; 2004—11.7%) Note 5: Universal: 11.0%; Focus Features: 1.4% (Prev. totals: 2007—12.2%; 2006—10.9%; 2005—13.2%; 2004—10.8%) Note 6: Disney (Prev. totals: 2007—15.3%; 2006—16.7%; 2005—14.6%; 2004—16.5%) [edit] The "mini-majors" Lions Gate Entertainment, which moved in 2006 from Vancouver, British Columbia, to Santa Monica, California, was the most successful North American movie studio based outside of the Los Angeles metropolitan area before its relocation. Now known as Lionsgate, it traces its roots back to the production company Lion's Gate Films, founded by director Robert Altman in the 1970s. The studio controls the highly profitable Saw franchise. Summit Entertainment, founded as an independent production and overseas sales company in 1996, was reconstituted as a full-fledged studio ten years later.[2] It saw its first major success with Twilight in autumn 2008. Though it is based in Universal City and has a deal with Universal Studios for the distribution of home entertainment media,[3] Summit's ownership and theatrical distribution operation are fully independent. MGM, after decades as a major studio, continues to distribute motion pictures and television content as a minor, privately held media company. In April 2005, it was purchased from Kirk Kerkorian's Tracinda Corporation by a consortium including Sony, cable company Comcast, Providence Equity Partners, and three other private investment firms. While Sony continues to hold a minority equity stake in the company, MGM has a deal with 20th Century Fox for the distribution of home video and overseas theatrical product.[4] MGM is also the majority shareholder of the latest incarnation of United Artists, whose other lead owners are Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner. Via its original 1981 merger with UA, MGM controls the rights to the James Bond franchise. Columbia codistributed the first two Bond films starring Daniel Craig after the 2005 purchase, but MGM will resume sole distribution control with the next film in the series.[5] Overture Films, whose primary equity holder is Liberty Media, was founded in the fall of 2006. It released its first movie in January 2008;[6] by year's end, it was the fourth most successful independent studio. The Weinstein Company was founded in late 2005 by brothers Harvey and Bob Weinstein after their departure from Miramax, which they had founded in 1979. In 1993, they sold control of Miramax to the Walt Disney Company, continuing to run the studio in quasi-independent fashion under the Disney umbrella. When the Weinsteins left Disney, they retained the right to the Dimension Films brand, which is used by The Weinstein Company (as it was by Miramax) for genre films. The studio has not had a hit since 1408, released in June 2007.[7] It experienced several high-level executive defections in 2008, and announced major layoffs in November.[8] DreamWorks SKG was founded in 1994 by Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg, and David Geffen. Once again independent after two-and-half years under the Viacom/Paramount corporate umbrella, it is now backed by India's Reliance ADA Group.[9] DreamWorks will not be a full-service studio—it will produce and finance films, but as it did for most its first era as an independent, it will arrange distribution through the majors. In February 2009, after dropping out of a deal with Universal, DreamWorks struck such a deal with Disney, though Paramount will continue to release the DreamWorks pictures developed there through the end of 2009.[10] Katzenberg, who is completely divested from the new DreamWorks, now runs DreamWorks Animation as a totally separate business. The company maintains a close-knit distribution deal with Paramount that runs through 2012.[11] In 2008, Lionsgate led the mini-majors with $436.8 million in total box office grosses, giving it a 4.5% market share. Three other companies had over $100 million in box office grosses: Summit (2.4% market share), MGM/UA (1.7% market share), and Overture (1.1% market share).[12] In 2007, Lionsgate and MGM/UA were virtually tied for the position of most successful mini-major in terms of market share, each with 3.8%. No other independent studio had even a 1% market share.[13] In 2006, Lionsgate had a 3.6% market share, The Weinstein Company had a 2.5% market share, and MGM/UA had a 1.8% market share.[14] In 2005, the still independent DreamWorks SKG had 5.7% and Lionsgate had 3.2%. Of MGM/UA's four significant money-earners during 2005, it released three before its acquisition by the Sony-led consortium; MGM/UA's total market share for the year was 2.1%. The Weinstein Company, in its first three months of operation, gained 0.5% of the year's total market share.[15] In 2004, DreamWorks SKG had 10.0% (more than the Paramount Motion Pictures Group), Newmarket had 4.3% (due almost entirely to The Passion of the Christ), Lionsgate had 3.2%, and MGM/UA had 2.1%.[16] [edit] History [edit] The majors before the Golden Age In 1909, Thomas Edison, who had been fighting in the courts for years for control of fundamental motion picture patents, won a major decision. This led to the creation of the Motion Picture Patents Company, widely known as the Trust. Comprising the nine largest U.S. film companies, it was "designed to eliminate not only independent film producers but also the country's 10,000 independent [distribution] exchanges and exhibitors."[17] Though its many members did not consolidate their filmmaking operations, the New York–based Trust was arguably the first major North American movie conglomerate. The independents' fight against the Trust was led by Carl Laemmle, whose Chicago-based Laemmle Film Service, serving the Midwest and Canada, was the largest distribution exchange in North America. Laemmle's efforts were rewarded in 1912 when the U.S. government ruled that the Trust was a "corrupt and unlawful association" and must be dissolved. On June 8, 1912, Laemmle organized the merger of his production division, IMP (Independent Motion Picture Company), with several other filmmaking companies, creating the studio that would soon be named Universal. By the end of the year, Universal was making movies at two Los Angeles facilities: the former Nestor Film studio in Hollywood, and another studio in Edendale. The first Hollywood major was in business.[18] In 1916, a second powerful Hollywood studio was established when Adolph Zukor merged his Famous Players movie production house with the Jesse L. Lasky Company to form Famous Players–Lasky. The combined studio acquired Paramount Pictures as a distribution arm and eventually adopted its name. Paramount quickly surpassed Universal as Hollywood's dominant company. In 1916 as well, William Fox relocated his Fox Film Corporation from the East Coast to Hollywood and began expanding.[19] Between 1924, when Metro Pictures combined with Goldwyn Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Productions to form MGM (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer), and 1928, the year in which the U.S. film industry converted en masse to sound film, Hollywood had a Big Two: Paramount and Loew’s Incorporated, owner of America's largest theater circuit and parent company to MGM. Through 1927, the next three largest studios were Fox, Universal, and First National (founded in 1917). Propelled by the great success of The Jazz Singer (1927), the first important feature-length "talkie," small Warner Bros. (founded in 1919) quickly entered the big leagues and acquired First National in 1928. Fox, in the forefront of sound film along with Warners, was also acquiring a sizable circuit of movie theaters to exhibit its product. [edit] The majors during the Golden Age For more details on this topic, see Studio system. Between late 1928, when RCA's David Sarnoff engineered the creation of the RKO (Radio-Keith-Orpheum) studio, and the end of 1949, when Paramount divested its theater chain—roughly the period considered Hollywood's Golden Age—there were eight Hollywood studios commonly regarded as the "majors." Of these eight, the so-called Big Five were integrated conglomerates, combining ownership of a production studio, distribution division, and substantial theater chain, and contracting with performers and filmmaking personnel: Loew's/MGM, Paramount, Fox (which became 20th Century-Fox after a 1935 merger), Warner Bros., and RKO. The remaining majors were sometimes referred to as the Little Three or the "major-minors." Two—Universal and Columbia (founded in 1919)—were organized similarly to the Big Five, except for the fact that they never owned more than small theater circuits (a consistently reliable source of profits). The third of the lesser majors, United Artists (founded in 1919), owned a few theaters and had access to production facilities owned by its principals, but it functioned primarily as a backer-distributor, loaning money to independent producers and releasing their films. During the 1930s, the eight majors averaged a total of 358 feature film releases a year; in the 1940s, the four largest companies shifted more of their resources toward high-budget productions and away from B movies, bringing the yearly average down to 288 for the decade.[20] Among the significant characteristics of the Golden Age was the stability of the Hollywood majors, their hierarchy, and their near-complete domination of the box office. At the midpoint of the Golden Age, 1939, the Big Five had market shares ranging from 22% (MGM) to 9% (RKO); each of the Little Three had around a 7% share. In sum, the eight majors controlled 95% of the market and all the smaller companies combined had a total of 5%. Ten years later, the picture was largely the same: the Big Five had market shares ranging from 22% (MGM) to 9% (RKO); the Little Three had shares ranging from 8% (Columbia) to 4% (United Artists). In sum, the eight majors controlled 96% of the market and all the smaller companies combined had a total of 4%.[21] [edit] The majors after the Golden Age [edit] 1950s–1960s The end of the Golden Age had been signaled by the majors' loss of a federal antitrust case that led to the divestiture of the Big Five's theater chains. Though this had virtually no immediate effect on the eight majors' box-office domination, it somewhat leveled the playing field between the Big Five and the Little Three. In November 1951, Decca Records purchased 28% of Universal; early the following year, the studio became the first of the classic Hollywood majors to be taken over by an outside corporation, as Decca acquired majority ownership.[22] The 1950s saw two substantial shifts in the hierarchy of the majors: RKO, perennially the weakest of the Big Five, declined rapidly under the mismanagement of Howard Hughes, who had purchased a controlling interest in the studio in 1948. By the time Hughes sold it to the General Tire and Rubber Company in 1955, the studio was a major by outdated reputation alone. In 1957, virtually all RKO movie operations ceased and the studio was dissolved in 1959. (Revived on a small scale in 1981, it was eventually spun off and now operates as a minor independent company.) In contrast, there was United Artists, which had long operated under the financing-distribution model the other majors were now progressively shifting toward. Under Arthur Krim and Robert Benjamin, who began managing the company in 1951, UA became consistently profitable. By 1956—when it released one of the biggest blockbusters of the decade, Around the World in 80 Days—it commanded a 10% market share. By the middle of the next decade, it had reached 16% and was the second-most profitable studio in Hollywood. Despite RKO's collapse, the majors still averaged a total yearly release slate of 253 feature films during the decade.[20] The 1960s were marked by a spate of corporate takeovers. MCA, under Lew Wasserman, acquired Universal in 1962; Gulf+Western took over Paramount in 1966; and the Transamerica Corporation purchased United Artists in 1967. Warner Bros. underwent large-scale reorganization twice in two years: a 1967 merger with the Seven Arts company preceded a 1969 purchase by Kinney National, under Stephen J. Ross. MGM, in the process of a slow decline, changed ownership twice in the same span as well, winding up in the hands of financier Kirk Kerkorian. The majors almost entirely abandoned low-budget production during this era, bringing the annual average of features released down to 160.[20] The decade also saw an old name in the industry secure a position as a leading player. In 1923, Walt Disney had founded the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio with his brother Roy and animator Ub Iwerks. Over the following three decades Disney became a powerful independent focusing on animation and, from the late 1940s, an increasing number of live-action movies. In 1954, the company—now Walt Disney Productions—established Buena Vista Film Distribution to handle its own product, which had been distributed for years by various majors, primarily United Artists and then RKO. (Disney's 1937 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, released by RKO, was the second biggest hit of the 1930s.) In its first year, Buena Vista had a major success with 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, the third biggest movie of 1954. In 1964, Buena Vista had its first blockbuster, Mary Poppins, Hollywood's biggest hit in half a decade. The company achieved a 9% market share that year, more than Fox and Warner Bros. Though over the next two decades, Disney/Buena Vista's share of the box-office would again hit similar marks, its relatively small output and exclusive focus on family movies meant that it was not generally considered a major despite its success. [edit] 1970s–1980s The early 1970s were difficult years for all the majors. Movie attendance, which had been declining steadily since the Golden Age, hit an all-time low in 1971. In 1973, MGM president James T. Aubrey Jr. drastically downsized the studio, slashing its production schedule and eliminating its distribution arm (UA would distribute the studio's films for the remainder of the decade). From fifteen releases in 1973, the next year MGM was down to five; its average for the rest of the 1970s would be even lower. The cutbacks, in the words of historian Joel Finler, "reduced the once proud studio to a Hollywood also-ran."[23] Like RKO in its last days under Hughes, MGM remained a major in terms of brand reputation, but little more. MGM, however, was not the only studio to trim its release line. By the mid-1970s, the industry had rebounded and a significant philosophical shift was in progress. As the majors focused increasingly on the development of the next hoped-for blockbuster and began routinely opening each new movie in many hundreds of theaters (an approach called "saturation booking"), their collective yearly release average fell to 81 films during 1975–84.[20] The classic set of majors was shaken further in late 1980, when the disastrously expensive flop of Heaven's Gate effectively ruined United Artists. The studio was sold the following year to Kerkorian, who merged it with MGM. After a brief resurgence, the combined studio again declined. From the mid-1980s on, MGM/UA has been at best a "mini-major," to use the present-day term. Meanwhile, a new member was finally admitted to the club of major studios and two significant contenders emerged. With the establishment of its Touchstone Pictures brand and increasing attention to the adult market in the mid-1980s, Disney/Buena Vista secured acknowledgment as a full-fledged major. The two contenders were both newly formed companies. In 1978, Krim, Benjamin, and three other studio executives departed UA to found Orion Pictures as a joint venture with Warner Bros. It was announced optimistically as the "first major new film company in 50 years."[24] Tri-Star Pictures was created in 1982 as a joint venture of Columbia Pictures (then owned by Coca-Cola), HBO (then owned by Time Inc.), and CBS. In 1985, Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation acquired 20th Century-Fox, the last of the five relatively healthy Golden Age majors to remain independent throughout the entire Golden Age and after. In 1986, the combined share of the six classic majors—at that point Paramount, Warner Bros., Columbia, Universal, Fox, and MGM/UA—fell to 64%, the lowest since the beginning of the Golden Age. Disney was in third place, behind only Paramount and Warners. Even including it as a seventh major and adding its 10% share, the majors' control of the North American market was at a historic ebb. Orion, now completely independent of Warner Bros., and Tri-Star were well positioned as mini-majors, each with North American market shares of around 6%. Smaller independents garnered 13%—more than any studio aside from Paramount. In 1964, by comparison, all of the companies beside the then seven majors and Disney had combined for a grand total of 1%. As Finler wrote in his study The Hollywood Story (1988), "It will be interesting to see whether the old-established studios will be able to bounce back in the future, as they have done so many times before, or whether the newest developments really do reflect a fundamental change in the US movie industry for the first times since the 20s."[21] [edit] 1990s–present With the exception of MGM/UA—whose position was effectively filled by Disney—the old-established studios did bounce back. The purchase of Fox by Murdoch's News Corp. presaged a new round of corporate acquisitions. Between 1989 and 1994, Paramount, Warners, Columbia, and Universal all changed ownership in a series of conglomerate purchases and mergers that brought them new financial and marketing muscle. By the early 1990s, both Tri-Star and Orion were essentially out of business: the former consolidated into Columbia, the latter bankrupt and sold to MGM. The most important contenders to emerge during the 1990s, New Line, the Weinsteins' Miramax, and DreamWorks SKG, were likewise sooner or later brought into the majors' fold, though DreamWorks is now independent again. The very successful animation production house Pixar, whose films were distributed by Buena Vista, was acquired by Disney in 2006. The development of in-house pseudo-indie subsidiaries by the conglomerates—sparked by the 1992 establishment of Sony Pictures Classics and the success of Pulp Fiction (1994), Miramax's first project under Disney ownership—significantly undermined the position of the true independents. The majors' release schedule rebounded: the six primary studio subsidiaries alone put out a total of 124 films during 2006; the three largest secondary subsidiaries (New Line, Fox Searchlight, Focus Features) accounted for another 30. Box-office domination was fully restored: in 2006, the six major movie conglomerates combined for 89.8% of the North American market; Lionsgate and Weinstein were almost exactly half as successful as their 1986 mini-major counterparts, sharing 6.1%; MGM came in at 1.8%; and all of the remaining independent companies split a pool amounting to 2.3%.[25] In 2008, New Line Cinema lost its independent status within Time Warner and became a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Time Warner also announced that it would be shutting down its two specialty units, Warner Independent and Picturehouse.[26] In 2008 as well, Paramount Vantage's production, marketing, and distribution departments were folded into the parent studio.[27] [edit] Organizational lineage [edit] The eight Golden Age majors The eight major film studios of the Golden Age have gone through the following significant ownership changes ("independent" meaning customarily identified as the primary commercial entity in its corporate structure; "purchased" meaning acquired anything from majority to total ownership): [edit] Columbia Pictures independent as CBC Film Sales, 1919–1924 (founded by Harry Cohn, Joe Brandt, and Jack Cohn) independent, 1924–1982 (company changes name; goes public in 1926) Coca-Cola, 1982–1987 (purchased by Coca-Cola; Tri-Star Pictures, a joint venture with HBO and CBS initiated in 1982—CBS drops out in 1984) independent as Columbia/Tri-Star (or Columbia Pictures Entertainment), 1987–1989 (divested by Coca-Cola; also in 1987, HBO drops out of Tri-Star, which merges with Columbia) Sony, 1989–present (purchased by Sony) [edit] 20th Century-Fox Independent as Fox, 1915–1935 (founded by William Fox; Fox forced to sell off controlling interest in now-public company in 1930) Independent, 1935–1985 (merges with Twentieth Century Pictures; fully purchased by Marc Rich and Marvin Davis in 1981; Rich's interest purchased by Davis in 1984; half of Davis's interest purchased by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation in March 1985) News Corporation, 1985–present (purchases the remainder of Davis's shares in September) [edit] Warner Bros. Independent as Warner Brothers West Coast Studio, 1919–1923 (founded by Jack L. Warner, Harry Warner, Albert Warner, and Sam Warner) Independent, 1923–1929 (company changes name and goes public, brothers maintain controlling interest; Sam Warner dies in 1927) Independent as Warner Bros.–First National, 1929–1967 (acquires First National Pictures; syndicate led by Serge Semenenko of First National Bank of Boston and Charles Allen Jr. purchases controlling interest from Harry and Albert Warner in 1956) Warner Bros.–Seven Arts, 1967–1969 (purchased by and merged with Seven Arts Productions) Kinney National Company, 1969–1975 (Kinney purchases Warner Bros.–Seven Arts) Warner Communications, 1975–1989 (Kinney changes name) Time Warner, 1989–present (Warner merges with Time Inc.; from 2000 to 2003, the parent company was known as AOL Time Warner, following merger with AOL) [edit] Paramount Pictures Independent as Famous Players–Lasky, 1916–1921 (founded as public company via merger of Adolph Zukor's Famous Players and Jesse L. Lasky, Samuel Goldfish (later Goldwyn), Dustin Farnum, and Cecil B. DeMille's Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company, followed by acquisition of Paramount Pictures distribution house) Independent, 1922–1966 (company adopts distribution division's name) Gulf and Western Industries, 1966–1989 (purchased by Gulf+Western) Paramount Communications, 1989–1994 (Gulf+Western changes name after selling nonentertainment assets) Viacom, 1994–2005 (Viacom purchases Paramount) Viacom, 2006–present (Viacom splits into two companies: "new" Viacom—with Paramount Pictures, MTV, BET, and other cable channels—and CBS Corporation—which includes CBS Paramount Television; both companies are controlled by National Amusements) [edit] Universal Pictures independent, 1912–1946 (founded as public company via merger of Carl Laemmle's Independent Motion Picture Co., Pat Powers's Powers Picture Co., Adam Kessel and Charles Baumann's Bison Life Motion Pictures, Mark Dintenfass's Champion Film Co., William Swanson's Rex Picture Co., and the Nestor Film Co.) independent as Universal-International, 1946–1952 (merges with International Pictures) Decca, 1952–1962 (purchased by Decca) MCA, 1962–1990 (MCA purchases Decca) Matsushita Electric, 1990–1995 (Matsushita purchases MCA) Seagram, 1995–2000 (purchased by Seagram from Matsushita) Vivendi, 2000–2004 (Vivendi purchases Seagram) General Electric, 2004–present (purchased by GE from Vivendi and merged with NBC to form NBC Universal) [edit] Metro–Goldwyn–Mayer Loew's Incorporated, 1924–1959 (founded via merger of Loew's-owned Metro Pictures with Goldwyn Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Productions; controlling interest in Loew's purchased by William Fox in 1929; Fox forced to sell off interest in 1930; operational control ceded by Loew's to studio management in 1954) independent, 1959–1981 (fully divested by Loew's; purchased by Edgar Bronfman Sr. in 1967; purchased by Kirk Kerkorian in 1969) independent as MGM/UA, 1981–1992 (United Artists purchased by Kerkorian and merged into MGM; purchased by Ted Turner in 1986; repurchased by Kerkorian seventy-four days later; purchased by Giancarlo Parretti in 1990) Crédit Lyonnais, 1992–1997 (foreclosed upon by bank after Parretti defaulted) Tracinda Corporation, 1997–2005 (repurchased by Kerkorian) Sony/Comcast/4 private equity firms, 2005–present (purchased by Sony, Comcast, and private investment firms—Providence Equity Partners, in fact, currently owns the greatest number of shares—and privately held as a minor media company independent of Sony/Columbia) [edit] United Artists (merged into MGM) independent, 1919–1967 (founded by Charles Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks, D. W. Griffith, and Mary Pickford; operational control by Arthur Krim and Robert Benjamin from 1951; fully purchased by Krim and Benjamin in 1956) Transamerica, 1967–1981 (purchased by Transamerica) MGM/UA, 1981–1992 (purchased by Kirk Kerkorian from Transamerica and merged into MGM; see above for further detail) [edit] RKO Radio Pictures (defunct 1960–80, dormant 1993–97) RCA/investment consortium, 1928–1935 (founded as public company via merger of Film Booking Offices of America studio and Keith-Albee-Orpheum theater chain; majority ownership by RCA from ca. 1930) independent, 1935–1955 (half of RCA's interest purchased by Floyd Odlum, control split between RCA, Odlum, and Rockefeller brothers; controlling interest purchased by Odlum in 1942; controlling interest purchased by Howard Hughes in 1948; Hughes interest purchased by Stolkin-Koolish-Ryan-Burke-Corwin syndicate in 1952; interest repurchased by Hughes in 1953; fully purchased by Hughes in 1954) General Tire and Rubber, 1955–1984 (purchased by General Tire and Rubber—coupled with General Tire's broadcasting operation as RKO Teleradio Pictures; production and distribution halted in 1957; movie business dissolved in 1959 and RKO Teleradio renamed RKO General; RKO General establishes RKO Pictures as production subsidiary in 1981) GenCorp, 1984–1987 (reorganization creates holding company with RKO General and General Tire as primary subsidiaries) Wesray Capital Corporation, 1987–1989 (spun off from RKO General, purchased by Wesray—controlled by William E. Simon and Ray Chambers—and merged with amusement park operations to form RKO/Six Flags Entertainment) independent, 1989–present (split off from Six Flags, purchased by Dina Merrill and Ted Hartley, and merged with Pavilion Communications; no films produced or distributed from 1993 through 1997) [edit] Other significant, formerly independent entities Artisan Entertainment – Purchased in 2003 by Lions Gate Entertainment Castle Rock Entertainment – Purchased in 1994 by Turner Broadcasting System; TBS in 1996 merged with Time Warner DreamWorks SKG – Purchased in 2006 by Viacom (parent company of Paramount); became independent again in 2008 The Samuel Goldwyn Company – Purchased in 1996 by John Kluge/Metromedia International; purchased in 1997 by MGM Miramax Films – Purchased in 1993 by the Walt Disney Company New Line Cinema – Purchased in 1994 by Turner Broadcasting System; TBS in 1996 merged with Time Warner; merged into Warner in 2008 as an in-name-only film distributor October Films – Purchased in 1997 by Universal; purchased in 1999 by Barry Diller and merged with Gramercy Pictures into USA Films; USA in 2001 acquired by Vivendi (then parent company of Universal) and merged with Good Machine and Universal Focus into Focus Features Orion Pictures – Purchased in 1988 by Kluge/Metromedia; purchased in 1997 by MGM Pixar – Purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs; purchased in 2006 by the Walt Disney Company Tri-Star Pictures – Consolidated in 1987 into Columbia (one of the partners in the joint venture that created it) Alliance Entertainment Corporation Canadian film company; mostly distributor; merges with Atlantis Communications in 1998 to become Alliance Atlantis; joint purchase between CanWest and GS Capital Partners in 2007 [edit] See also Big Four – the four major music corporations: Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, Warner Music Group, and EMI; formerly the Big Six, but Universal acquired PolyGram in 1998, and Sony and BMG merged in 2004 [edit] Notes ^ Studio Market Share (2008) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. For previous years' data in section notes, see http://www.boxofficemojo.com/studio/?view=company&view2=yearly&yr=2007&p=.htm Studio Market Share (2007)], Studio Market Share (2006), Studio Market Share (2005), and Studio Market Share (2004). Retrieved March 3, 2009. ^ Barnes, Brooks (2008-11-19). "For Studio, Vampire Movie Is a Cinderella Story". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/20/business/media/20summit.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. ^ "Summit Entertainment Announces Distribution Agreement with Universal Studios". Summit Entertainment. 2007-05-16. http://www.summit-ent.com/news.php?news_id=51. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. ^ Halbfinger, David M. (2008-06-08). "MGM: A Lion or a Lamb?". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/08/business/media/08mgm.html. Retrieved on 2008-09-29. ^ Barnes, Brooks, and Michael Cieply (2008-11-16). "A Studio, a Star, a Fateful Bet". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/17/business/media/17cruise.html?scp=2&sq=%22harry%20sloan%22%20mgm&st=cse. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. ^ Halbfinger, David M. (2008-01-10). "An Upstart in Films With Many Fast Moves". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/10/movies/10over.html. Retrieved on 2008-09-29. ^ Teodorczuk, Tom (2008-07-25). "Weinsteins' Hollywood Star Begins to Fade". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/mediatechnologyandtelecoms/2793494/Weinsteins'-Hollywood-star-begins-to-fade.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. ^ Goldstein, Gregg (2008-11-21). "Weinstein Co. Lets Go of 24". Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3i8e47fc3e1fcb41bfa66529852d374e2a. Retrieved on 2008-12-19. ^ Thompson, Anne, and Tatiana Siegel (2008-09-19). "DreamWorks, Reliance Close Deal". Variety. http://www.variety.com/VR1117992505.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-23. ^ Graser, Marc, and Tatiana Siegel (2009-02-09). "Disney Signs Deal with DreamWorks". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117999836.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved on 2009-02-14. ^ Fritz, Ben (2008-09-26). "DreamWorks Toons Stay Put". Variety. http://www.variety.com/VR1117992976.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-23. ^ Studio Market Share (2008) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved March 3, 2009. ^ Studio Market Share (2007) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved March 3, 2009. ^ Studio Market Share (2006) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved May 14, 2007 (with Premier Pass allowing access to data of all distributors, rather than universally accessible top 12). ^ Studio Market Share (2005) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved May 14, 2007 (with Premier Pass allowing access to data of all distributors, rather than universally accessible top 12). ^ Studio Market Share (2004) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved May 14, 2007 (with Premier Pass allowing access to data of all distributors, rather than universally accessible top 12). ^ Hirschhorn (1983), p. 9. ^ Hirschhorn (1983), p. 11. ^ Thomas and Solomon (1985), p. 12 ^ a b c d Finler (1988), p. 280. ^ a b Finler (1988), p. 35. ^ Hirschhorn (1983), p. 157. ^ Finler (1988), p. 119. ^ Cook (2000), p. 319. ^ Studio Market Share (2006) part of BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved May 20, 2007. ^ Hayes, Dade, and Dave McNary (2008-05-08). "Picturehouse, WIP to Close Shop". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117985299.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved on 2009-01-18. ^ Goldsmith, Jill, and Tatiana Siegel (2008-12-04). "Viacom Lays Off 850 Staffers". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117996816.html?categoryid=3284&cs=1. Retrieved on 2009-02-23. [edit] Sources Cook, David A. (2000). Lost Illusions: American Cinema in the Shadow of Watergate and Vietnam, 1970–1979 (Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press). ISBN 0-520-23265-8 Eames, John Douglas (1985). The Paramount Story (New York: Crown). ISBN 0-517-55348-1 Finler, Joel W. (1988). The Hollywood Story (New York: Crown). ISBN 0-517-56576-5 Hirschhorn, Clive (1983). The Universal Story (London: Crown). ISBN 0-517-55001-6 Hirschhorn, Clive (1999). The Columbia Story (London: Hamlyn). ISBN 0-600-59836-5 Jewell, Richard B., with Vernon Harbin (1982). The RKO Story (New York: Arlington House/Crown). ISBN 0-517-54656-6 Schatz, Thomas (1998 [1989]). The Genius of the System: Hollywood Filmmaking in the Studio Era (London: Faber and Faber). ISBN 0-571-19596-2 Thomas, Tony, and Aubrey Solomon (1985). The Films of 20th Century-Fox (Secaucus, N.J.: Citadel). ISBN 0-8065-0958-9 Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_film_studio" Categories: Film studios

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2009 NCAA Basketball Tournament! List of NCAA Division 1 Teams & Coaches at 227!

America East Conference Albany - Will Brown Binghamton - Kevin Broadus Boston University - Dennis Wolff Hartford - Dan Leibovitz Maine - Ted Woodward New Hampshire - Bill Herrion Stony Brook - Steve Pikiell UMBC - Randy Monroe Vermont - Mike Lonergan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! America East Conference

Atlantic 10 Conference Charlotte - Bobby Lutz Dayton - Brian Gregory Duquesne - Ron Everhart Fordham - Dereck Whittenburg George Washington - Karl Hobbs La Salle - John Giannini Rhode Island - Jim Baron Richmond - Chris Mooney St. Bonaventure - Mark Schmidt Saint Joseph's - Phil Martelli Saint Louis - Rick Majerus Temple - Fran Dunphy UMass - Derek Kellogg Xavier - Sean Miller 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic 10 Conference

Atlantic Coast Conference Boston College - Al Skinner Clemson - Oliver Purnell Duke - Mike Krzyzewski Florida State - Leonard Hamilton Georgia Tech - Paul Hewitt Maryland - Gary Williams Miami (Florida) - Frank Haith North Carolina - Roy Williams North Carolina State - Sidney Lowe Virginia - Dave Leitao Virginia Tech - Seth Greenberg Wake Forest - Dino Gaudio 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Coast Conference

Atlantic Sun Conference Belmont - Rick Byrd Campbell - Robbie Laing East Tennessee State - Murry Bartow Florida Gulf Coast - Dave Balza Jacksonville - Cliff Warren Kennesaw State - Tony Ingle Lipscomb - Scott Sanderson Mercer - Bob Hoffman North Florida - Matt Kilcullen Stetson - Derek Waugh USC Upstate - Eddie Payne 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Atlantic Sun Conference

Big 12 Conference Baylor - Scott Drew Colorado - Jeff Bzdelik Iowa State - Greg McDermott Kansas - Bill Self Kansas State - Frank Martin Missouri - Mike Anderson Nebraska - Doc Sadler Oklahoma - Jeff Capel III Oklahoma State - Travis Ford Texas - Rick Barnes Texas A&M - Mark Turgeon Texas Tech - Pat Knight 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big 12 Conference

Big East Conference Cincinnati - Mick Cronin Connecticut - Jim Calhoun DePaul - Jerry Wainwright Georgetown - John Thompson III Louisville - Rick Pitino Marquette - Buzz Williams Notre Dame - Mike Brey Pittsburgh - Jamie Dixon Providence - Keno Davis Rutgers - Fred Hill St. John's - Norm Roberts Seton Hall - Bobby Gonzalez South Florida - Stan Heath Syracuse - Jim Boeheim Villanova - Jay Wright West Virginia - Bobby Huggins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big East Conference Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

Big Sky Conference Eastern Washington - Kirk Earlywine Idaho State - Joe O'Brien Montana - Wayne Tinkle Montana State - Brad Huse Northern Arizona - Mike Adras Northern Colorado - Tad Boyle Portland State - Ken Bone Sacramento State - Brian Katz Weber State - Randy Rahe 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Sky Conference

Big South Conference Charleston Southern - Barclay Radebaugh Coastal Carolina - Cliff Ellis Gardner-Webb - Rick Scruggs High Point - Bart Lundy Liberty - Ritchie McKay Presbyterian - Gregg Nibert Radford - Brad Greenberg UNC-Asheville - Eddie Biedenbach VMI - Duggar Baucom Winthrop - Randy Peele 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big South Conference

Big Ten Conference Illinois - Bruce Weber Indiana - Tom Crean Iowa - Todd Lickliter Michigan - John Beilein Michigan State - Tom Izzo Minnesota - Tubby Smith Northwestern - Bill Carmody Ohio State - Thad Matta Penn State - Ed DeChellis Purdue - Matt Painter Wisconsin - Bo Ryan 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big Ten Conference

Big West Conference Cal Poly - Kevin Bromley Cal State Fullerton - Bob Burton Cal State Northridge - Bobby Braswell Long Beach State - Dan Monson Pacific - Bob Thomason UC Davis - Gary Stewart UC Irvine - Pat Douglass UC Riverside - Jim Wooldridge UC Santa Barbara - Bob Williams 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Big West Conference

Colonial Athletic Association Delaware - Monte Ross Drexel - Bruiser Flint George Mason - Jim Larranaga Georgia State - Rod Barnes Hofstra - Tom Pecora James Madison - Matt Brady Northeastern - Bill Coen Old Dominion - Blaine Taylor Towson - Pat Kennedy UNC-Wilmington - Benny Moss Virginia Commonwealth - Anthony Grant William & Mary - Tony Shaver 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Colonial Athletic Association

Conference USA East Carolina - Mack McCarthy Houston - Tom Penders Marshall - Donnie Jones Memphis - John Calipari Rice - Ben Braun Southern Methodist - Matt Doherty Southern Mississippi - Larry Eustachy Tulane - Dave Dickerson Tulsa - Doug Wojcik UAB - Mike Davis UCF - Kirk Speraw UTEP - Tony Barbee 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Conference USA Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

Horizon League - Butler - Brad Stevens Cleveland State - Gary Waters Detroit - Ray McCallum Loyola (Chicago) - Jim Whitesell UIC - Jimmy Collins UW-Green Bay - Tod Kowalczyk UW-Milwaukee - Rob Jeter Valparaiso - Homer Drew Wright State - Brad Brownell Youngstown State - Jerry Slocum 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Horizon League

Independents Bryant - Tim O'Shea Cal State Bakersfield - Keith Brown Chicago State - Benjy Taylor Houston Baptist - Ron Cottrell Longwood - Mike Gillian New Jersey Institute of Technology - Jim Engles North Carolina Central - Henry Dickerson Savannah State - Horace Broadnax SIU-Edwardsville - Lennox Forrester Texas-Pan American - Tom Schuberth Utah Valley - Dick Hunsaker 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! NCAA Division I independent schools (basketball)

Ivy League Brown - Jesse Agel Columbia - Joe Jones Cornell - Steve Donahue Dartmouth - Terry Dunn Harvard - Tommy Amaker Penn - Glen Miller Princeton - Sydney Johnson Yale - James Jones 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ivy League

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference Canisius - Tom Parrotta Fairfield - Ed Cooley Iona - Kevin Willard Loyola (Maryland) - Jimmy Patsos Manhattan - Barry Rohrssen Marist - Chuck Martin Niagara - Joe Mihalich Rider - Tommy Dempsey St. Peter's - John Dunne Siena - Fran McCaffery 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference

Mid-American Conference Akron – Keith Dambrot Ball State – Billy Taylor Bowling Green – Louis Orr Buffalo – Reggie Witherspoon Central Michigan – Ernie Ziegler Eastern Michigan – Charles Ramsey Kent State – Geno Ford Miami – Charlie Coles Northern Illinois – Ricardo Patton Ohio – John Groce Toledo – Gene Cross Western Michigan – Steve Hawkins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-American Conference

Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference Bethune-Cookman - Clifford Reed Coppin State - Ron Mitchell Delaware State - Greg Jackson Florida A&M - Mike Gillespie Hampton - Kevin Nickelberry Howard - Gil Jackson Maryland-Eastern Shore - Meredith Smith Morgan State - Todd Bozeman Norfolk State - Anthony Evans North Carolina A&T - Jerry Eaves South Carolina State - Tim Carter Winston-Salem State - Bobby Collins 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

Missouri Valley Conference Bradley - Jim Les Creighton - Dana Altman Drake - Mark Phelps Evansville - Marty Simmons Illinois State - Tim Jankovich Indiana State - Kevin McKenna Missouri State - Cuonzo Martin Northern Iowa - Ben Jacobson Southern Illinois - Chris Lowery Wichita State - Gregg Marshall 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Missouri Valley Conference

Mountain West Conference Air Force - Jeff Reynolds Brigham Young - Dave Rose Colorado State - Tim Miles New Mexico - Steve Alford San Diego State - Steve Fisher Texas Christian - Neil Dougherty UNLV - Lon Kruger Utah - Jim Boylen Wyoming - Heath Schroyer 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Mountain West Conference

Northeast Conference Central Connecticut State - Howie Dickenman Fairleigh Dickinson - Tom Green LIU-Brooklyn - Jim Ferry Monmouth - Dave Calloway Mount St. Mary's - Milan Brown Quinnipiac - Tom Moore Robert Morris - Mike Rice Jr. Sacred Heart - Dave Bike St. Francis (PA) - Don Friday St. Francis (NY) - Brian Nash Wagner - Mike Deane 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Northeast Conference

Ohio Valley Conference Austin Peay - Dave Loos Eastern Illinois - Mike Miller Eastern Kentucky - Jeff Neubauer Jacksonville State - James Green Morehead State - Donnie Tyndall Murray State - Billy Kennedy Southeast Missouri - Zac Roman Tennessee-Martin - Bret Campbell Tennessee State - Cy Alexander Tennessee Tech - Mike Sutton 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Ohio Valley Conference

Pacific-10 Conference Arizona - Russ Pennell Arizona State - Herb Sendek California - Mike Montgomery Oregon - Ernie Kent Oregon State - Craig Robinson Stanford - Johnny Dawkins UCLA - Ben Howland USC - Tim Floyd Washington - Lorenzo Romar Washington State - Tony Bennett 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Pacific-10 Conference

Patriot League American - Jeff Jones Army - Jim Crews Bucknell - Dave Paulsen Colgate - Emmett Davis Holy Cross - Ralph Willard Lafayette - Fran O'Hanlon Lehigh - Brett Reed Navy - Billy Lange 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Patriot League

Southeastern Conference Alabama - Philip Pearson Arkansas - John Pelphrey Auburn - Jeff Lebo Florida - Billy Donovan Georgia - Pete Herrmann Kentucky - Billy Gillispie LSU - Trent Johnson Mississippi - Andy Kennedy Mississippi State - Rick Stansbury South Carolina - Darrin Horn Tennessee - Bruce Pearl Vanderbilt - Kevin Stallings 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southeastern Conference

Southern Conference Appalachian State - Houston Fancher Chattanooga - John Shulman The Citadel - Ed Conroy College of Charleston - Bobby Cremins Davidson - Bob McKillop Elon - Ernie Nestor Furman - Jeff Jackson Georgia Southern - Jeff Price Samford - Jimmy Tillette UNC-Greensboro - Mike Dement Western Carolina - Larry Hunter Wofford - Mike Young 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southern Conference Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

Southland Conference Central Arkansas - Rand Chappell Lamar - Steve Roccaforte McNeese State - Dave Simmons Nicholls State - J. P. Piper Northwestern State - Mike McConathy Sam Houston State - Bob Marlin Southeastern Louisiana - Jim Yarbrough Stephen F. Austin - Danny Kaspar Texas A&M-Corpus Christi - Perry Clark Texas-Arlington - Scott Cross Texas-San Antonio - Brooks Thompson Texas State - Doug Davalos 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southland Conference

Southwestern Athletic Conference Alabama A&M - L. Vann Pettaway Alabama State - Lewis Jackson Alcorn State - Samuel West Arkansas-Pine Bluff - George Ivory Grambling State - Larry Wright Jackson State - Tevester Anderson Mississippi Valley State - Sean Woods Prairie View A&M - Byron Rimm II Southern - Rob Spivery Texas Southern - Tony Harvey 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Southwestern Athletic Conference

The Summit League Centenary - Greg Gary IPFW - Dane Fife IUPUI - Ron Hunter North Dakota State - Saul Phillips Oakland - Greg Kampe Oral Roberts - Scott Sutton South Dakota State - Scott Nagy Southern Utah - Roger Reid UMKC - Matt Brown Western Illinois - Derek Thomas 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! The Summit League

Sun Belt Conference Arkansas-Little Rock - Steve Shields Arkansas State - Dickey Nutt Denver - Joe Scott Florida Atlantic - Mike Jarvis Florida International - Sergio Rouco Louisiana-Lafayette - Robert Lee Louisiana-Monroe - Orlando Early Middle Tennessee - Kermit Davis New Orleans - Joe Pasternack North Texas - Johnny Jones South Alabama - Ronnie Arrow Troy - Don Maestri Western Kentucky - Ken McDonald 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Sun Belt Conference

West Coast Conference Gonzaga - Mark Few Loyola Marymount - Rodney Tention Pepperdine - Vance Walberg Portland - Eric Reveno Saint Mary's - Randy Bennett San Diego - Bill Grier San Francisco - Rex Walters Santa Clara - Kerry Keating 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! West Coast Conference

Western Athletic Conference Boise State - Greg Graham Fresno State - Steve Cleveland Hawai?i - Bob Nash Idaho - Don Verlin Louisiana Tech - Kerry Rupp Nevada - Mark Fox New Mexico State - Marvin Menzies San Jose State - George Nessman Utah State - Stew Morrill 227's NCAA Basketball Tournament! Western Athletic Conference Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

227's YouTube "Chili!"

2Pac 50 Cent A Adam Tensta Akon Aaliyah Ashanti Andre 3000 B Bow Wow Bobby Valentino Beyonce Bone Thugs n Harmony Birdman (rapper) Busta Rhymes Bobby Fischer C Chris Brown Cherish Cassidy Chingy Chamillionaire Christina Milian Chrisette Michele Cashis Ciara Cypress Hill Calzone Mafia Cuban Link D Destiny's Child DJ Clue Demetri Montaque Danity Kane Day 26 Donnie D12 DJ Khaled Dr. Dre E E-40 Eminem Eazy-E F Fabolous Flo Rida Fat Joe Frankie J G G-Unit The Game H Hurricane Chris I Ice Cube J Jay-Z J.R. Rotem J Holiday Jordan Sparks K Kanye West Kelly Rowland keri hilson The Kreators L Lil' Kim Lil' Mo Lil Jon Lil Mama Lloyd Banks Lil Wayne Ludacris Lloyd Lil Mama Lil Eazy-E Leona lewis M MC Hammer Mike Shorey MF Doom Mariah Carey Mario Mary J. Blige N Ne-Yo Nate Dogg Niia N.W.A. Notorious B.I.G. Nas Nick Cannon Nelly Necro O Olivia Omarion Obie Trice Old Dirty Bastard P Public Enemy Plies P Diddy pink Pharcyde Q R Red Cafe Run DMC Ray J R Kelly Rihanna Rick Ross (rapper) S Sean Combs Sean Kingston Snoop Dogg Stargate Sean Garrett Suge Knight Soulja Boy Tell 'Em Stat Quo shakira T The Notorious B.I.G. Tupac Shakur Trina Tyrese T-Pain Three 6 Mafia T.I. Too Phat U Usher V V.I.C. W Warren G Wyclef Jean Wu Tang Clan will.i.am X Xzibit Y Young Jeezy Yung Berg Z

New at 227:

227's YouTube "Chili"-T.O."Terrell Owens" http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_t_o_terrell_owens_workout_reality_tv_nfl.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Kristinia DeBarge "Goodbye" (NBA)! Kristinia DeBarge Songs/Kristinia DeBarge Hits/Kristinia DeBarge Lyrics/Kristinia DeBarge Remix/Kristinia DeBarge CD/Kristinia DeBarge at 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_kristinia_debarge_music_goodbye_lyrics_mtv.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/u_tube_kristinia_debarge_goodbye_lyrics_nba_itunes.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-"Mulan"-Walt Disney (NBA)! Mulan Songs/Mulan Musical Hits/Mulan Animation/Mulan Cartoon Movie! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_mulan_walt_disney_make_man_out_of_you_song.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Kevin Federline (NBA) "Exclusive Kevin Federline Interview"/Kevin Federline, Britney Spears Interview/Kevin Federline Music! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/utube_kevin_federline_exclusive_interview_britney.html
227's Reality TV Tube (NBA)! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_reality_tv_variety_et_online_hollywood_mtv.html
227's "Hollywood" (NBA) Entertainment (YouTube "Chili")! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_hollywood_entertainment_et_online_reporter.html
227's YouTube "Chili"-Jordan McCoy (NBA)-"American Juniors"/Jordan McCoy "Beyonce" Acoustic/Rihanna Acoustic/Britney Spears Acoustic/Jordan McCoy at 227! http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_jordan_mccoy_american_juniors_nba_acoustic.html
http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/u_tube_jordan_mccoy_diddy_just_watch_me_big_girls.html

227's YouTube "Chili" Classics!

227's YouTube "TKO (Boxing)"-Floyd Mayweather Jr." http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_tko_floyd_mayweather_jr_boxing_ring_champ.html
227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-WrestleMania XXIV 227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-List of WBC world champions 227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-Roger Mayweather 227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-Manny Pacquiao 227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-Ricky Hatton 227's YouTube "TKO" Boxing-Floyd Mayweather Jr.-Juan Manuel Márquez

Michael Jackson Bing Crosby U.S. The Beatles AC/DC ABBA Alla Bee Gees Bob Marley Celine Dion Cliff Richard The Drifters Elton John Herbert von Karajan Julio Iglesias Led Zeppelin Madonna Mariah Carey Elvis Presley Nana Mouskouri Pink Floyd The Rolling Stones Tino Rossi Wei Wei

Adriano Celentano Aerosmith Backstreet Boys Barry White Billy Joel Bon Jovi Boney M. The Carpenters Charles Aznavour Cher Chicago Dave Clark Five David Bowie Deep Purple Depeche Mode Dire Straits Dolly Parton The Eagles Electric Engelbert Humperdinck Fats Domino Fleetwood Mac The Four Seasons Frank Sinatra Garth Brooks Genesis George Michael Guns N' Roses James Last The Jackson 5 Janet Jackson Johnny Hallyday Kenny Rogers Lionel Richie Luciano Pavarotti Metallica Michiya Mihashi Mireille Mathieu Modern Talking Neil Diamond Olivia Newton-John Patti Page Paul McCartney Perry Como Pet Shop Boys Phil Collins Prince Queen Ricky Nelson Roberto Carlos Rod Stewart Salvatore Adamo Status Quo Stevie Wonder Teresa Teng Tina Turner Tom Jones U2 Valeriya The Ventures Whitney Houston The Who

Annie Lennox B'z Britney Spears Carlos Santana Dalida Earth, Wind & Fire Eddy Arnold Eminem Eurythmics Gloria Estefan Hibari Misora Journey Scorpions Van Halen Ace of Base Alan Jackson Country Alice Cooper Hard rock Andrea Bocelli Opera The Andrews Sisters Swing Ayumi Hamasaki Pop Black Sabbath Heavy metal Barbra Streisand Pop / Adult contemporary Beach Boys Rock Pop Bob Dylan Folk / Rock Bob Seger Rock Boston Arena rock Boyz II Men R&B Bruce Springsteen Rock Bryan Adams Def Leppard Destiny's Child R&B / Pop Dreams Come True Pop / Jazz Duran Duran Enya Ireland Four Tops George Strait Glay Iron Maiden Jay-Z Hip hop Jean Michel Jarre Jethro Tull Johnny Cash Kazuhiro Moriuchi Kiss Hard rock Kenny G Kylie Minogue Luis Miguel Linkin Park Meat Loaf Michael Bolton Mills Brothers Mötley Crüe Mr.Children Nat King Cole New Kids on the Block Nirvana 'N Sync Oasis Orhan Gencebay Pearl Jam Petula Clark Red Hot Chili Peppers The Police Ray Conniff Reba McEntire R.E.M. Richard Clayderman Ricky Martin Robbie Williams Roxette Sweden Shakira Colombia
The Seekers Australia Spice Girls Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers Tony Bennett T.Rex UB40 Vicente Fernandez Village People Willie Nelson Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

YouTube T.I. YouTube Christina Aguilera-"Chili" YouTube AC/DC-"cHiLi" YouTube Jay-Z "CHILI!" 227's-T-Pain! YouTube Chili!-The BEATLES! YouTube T.I. ReD HoT ChiLi PePpers! 227's-"Guns N Roses" ReD HoT ChiLi PePpers! 227's-Paris Hilton YouTube "ChiLi'-Beyonce Music Videos! YouTube "ChiLi'-Beyonce! 227's-Pussycat Dolls "J-Lo" Jennifer Lopez! YouTube "ChiLi'-Beyonce! YouTube Christina Aguilera Music Videos-"Chili" YouTube "cHiLi"-Chris Brown! uTube Country Taters! YouTube "cHiLi"-Chris Brown! YouTube "CHiLi"-Chris Brown! 227's YouTube NBA-Animation 227's-Miley Cyrus YouTube Jay-Z Music Videos! YouTube Jay-Z Music Videos! YouTube "ChiLi"-The Beatles! u Tube "Chili"-The Beatles! YouTube-The "Beatles!" Katy Perry "Hot N Cold" High-School Musical 50 Cent "Candy Shop" Miss Teen USA 2007 YouTube Evolution of Dance Video Break Dance Video

227's MLB-"HomeRun!" * 227's MLB-"HomeRun!" * 227's MLB-"HomeRun!" * 227's MLB-"HomeRun!" * 227's MLB-"HomeRun!"
Barry Bonds Jackie Robinson Rickey Henderson Hank Aaron Willie Mays Ken Griffey, Jr. Ozzie Smith Alex Rodriguez Bob Costas Tim Raines Cal Ripken, Jr. Sandy Koufax Pete Rose Lou Gehrig Babe Ruth Carl Yastrzemski Reggie Jackson 1994 Major League Baseball All-Star Game Jim Rice Joe Torre Ichiro Suzuki Greg Gumbel Vin Scully

227's Street Entertainment/Marketing * 227's Free Throw Challege * 227's FAQ! * Hoops 227 Club * 227's Sponsorship Hall of Fame! * Boise Polls! * Basketball Coupons/Savings * Boise Ads for Consumers! * Hoops 227 Ad Purchase * Sponsorship Opportunities & Money Savings! * 227's Global Basketball Directory * Boise Business Listing! * Great Coupons/Savings! * 227's NBA @ eBay! * NBA Bounce! * 227's YouTube Academic-The Ivy League Universities & Colleges! * 227's NBA Basketball Logos! * 227's UtuBe "Iceman George Gervin! * 227's WNBA Basketball! * 227's YouTube-Clyde "The Glide" Drexler! * eBasketball Assignments! * 227's eBasketball Class! * NBA-MVP Articles! * 227's YouTuBe NBA! * Hoops 227 Phoneraiser! * 227's Multimedia! * Hoops 227 Catalog! * 227's Video Arcade Games! * NBDL Bounce * 227's Homeless Project! * 227's Academic Forums for Kids! * Book Club 227! * 227's Collegiate Forum Speeches! * Recommend 227's Everything Basketball Website! * 227's Free School Suppies (Skool Stuff Giveaway)! * Hoops 227-Prep Basketball! * Hoops 227-Idaho Preps! * Join 227's eMail list! * 227's T-Shirt Entreprenuers * Hoops 227 T-Shirts! * Basketball Camp Registration! * Top NCAA Basketball Teams (Articles of NCAA Basketball)! * Jimmy V Foundation * Radio Stations * Yo Murphy * NBA All Stars! * Wilt Chamberlain * NBA Basketball (NBA Bounce)! * NCAA Basketball (NCAA Bounce)! * Boise's Soul Food Extravaganza! * Hoops 227-Multimedia * Hoops 227 Play Diagrams! * 227's Spiderman Catalog! * 227's Spiderman Catalog! * 227's Spiderman Catalog! * "The Hulk" Catalog * NCAA Basketball (NCAA Swish)! * NBA Jerseys (Throwbacks)! * 227's NFL-EA Sports! * Maryland Basketball * Kansas Basketball * NCAA Basketball uTuBe! * 227's uTuBe Chili-Fiction Blogs!

KBSU Radio * Boise Stallions Football! * KTIK 1350 Radio * Miss Idaho Teen USA! * Boise Weekly * Kristine Sutherland * KQFC 98 FM * KIZN Kissin' 92.3 FM * Boise County!  * Radio Stations in Idaho! * Idaho! * Anthony Thomas...Boise State's Great Point Guard! * Hyde Park, Boise, Idaho * Media in Boise! * Boise, Idaho Temple! * Boise, Idaho! * BSU's Kyle Wilson: Bronco Nagurski Trophy Watch List! * Boise Soul Food Extravaganza! * St.Luke's Women's Fitness Celebration * Jamaal Al-Din to complete B.A. Degree at Boise State University! * Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 and The ESPN Coaches Fundraiser! * Basketball Camps In Boise/Treasure Valley, Idaho * Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- 2nd Annual Summer Basketball Camp * 227's KTVB.Com (Idaho's NewsChannel 7) * 227's 2NewsTv.com (KBCI Channel 2 News) * 227's KIVI.com (Channel 6 News) * 227's KTRV.com (Fox 12 News) * Helping the Boise Homeless with Interfaith Sanctuary * A Meeting with Vincent Kituku! * Kidz and Coats at Ogata Chiropractic! * Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 Summer Basketball Camp * Free T-Shirts! * Treasure Valley Homecourt YMCA Gets Showers! * The Favorites of our Boise/Meridian/Treasure Valley YMCA * The Treasure Valley YMCA Strong Kids Campaign * Basketball Camps In Boise/Treasure Valley, Idaho *  Hoops Basketball Club 227 *  The Treasure Valley YMCA Strong Kids Campaign * JAMAAL AL-DIN'S HOOPS 227 and Free T-Shirts!

New Feature at 227: 227's FameFifteen News!
FameFifteen is a Boise, Idaho based website with news, features and videos on Boise's "Famous" (LOL!) Check it out- FameFifteen!

227's Boise Taters!

Julia Davis Park 2007 Hawai'i Bowl Ada County, Idaho Treasure Valley, Idaho Idaho City, Idaho 2007 Fiesta Bowl Borah High School Taco Bell Arena Grand Army of the Republic Hall (Boise, Idaho) Boise State Broncos football seasons J. W. Robinson National Interagency Fire Center  The Egyptian Theatre (Boise, Idaho)  2008 Boise State Broncos football  Media in Boise, Idaho  2007 Boise State Broncos football

Media of Boise...KTVB Idaho's Newschannel 7 with Doug Petcash, Dee Sarton, Maggie O'Mara, Carolyn Holly, Mark Johnson (sports) & Larry Gebert (weather)!

Media of Boise...KTRV Fox 12 with Shannon Paterson, Shayne Wells, Tami Tremblay, Dan Hamilton, Allison Warren, David Sleater, Christen Buckner, Jennifer Ganzalez, Nate Kuester and Ron O'Brien!

Media of Boise...KIVI Channel 6 with Don Nelson, Michelle Edmonds, Mellisa Paul, Michelle Stark, Lincoln Graves, Shane Johnson, Kelsey Minor, Rebecca Swart, Hanna Naito, Scott Dorval (weather), Joe Hughes and Randy "Makin It Rain" Simon (sports)!

Media of Boise...KBCI Channel 2 Eyewitness News with Natalie Hurst, Mike Murad, Adam Rodriguez, Kim Bartlett, Blake McCoy, Scott Logan, Paul Fredericks, Kiersten Throndsen, Nicole Navarro, Callie Zanandrie, Vanessa Brown, Brian Carrington, Jennifer Robbins, Jon Aaron (weather), J Bates and Troy Oppie (sports)!
Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

Atlantic Stone Products, Inc.

As we look to expand basketball marketing, camps and clinics nationally, our basketball affiliate programs are scheduled to begin in March of 2008. Our affiliates, exciting, take a look at this list:  ebay, StubHub.com, Yahoo Affiliate Program!, TickCo Premium Seating, RazorGator Affiliate Program, SightSell, VistaPrint.com, Pokeorder and WeHaveSeats.com. Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 welcomes our affiliate partners for 2008. Among the items offered our NCAA & NBA basketball tickets both premium and discounted rates. Basketball shoes and apparel for kids, fans, players and coaches ranging from Air Jordans, LeBron James, NIKE, Adidas, AND1, hats, collectibles and memoralbilia! Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- The everything basketball website!

Jamaal Al-Din
jamaaalj@boise.usa.com
(208) 340-1839

227's You Tube- "Jordan" * 227's U Tube- "Magic" Johnson * 227's You Tube- Dominique! * 227's U Tube-NBA * 227's YouTube-NBA Dance Teams (Cheerleaders)! * 227's You Tube- And1 * 227's YouTube- Vince Carter! * 227's UTube-Dwight Howard * 227's YouTube-Dunks! * 227's You Tube Basketball Training *  227's U Tube-NCAA Basketball Moments! * 227's You Tube Virtual Basketball Clinics * 227's YouTube -"Shooting"

227's NBA-Bounce!

227's Atlanta Hawks-Bounce!   *   227's Boston Celtics-Bounce!   * 227's Charlotte Hornets-Bounce! *   227's Chicago Bulls-Bounce!    *   227's Cleveland Cavaliers-Bounce!   *   227's Dallas Mavaricks Bounce!   *   227's Denver Nuggets Bounce!   *   227's Detroit Pistons-Bounce!   *   227's Golden State Warriors-Bounce!   *   227's Houston Rockets-Bounce!   227's Indiana Pacers-Bounce!   *   227's Los Angeles Clippers-Bounce!   *   227's Los Angeles Lakers-Bounce!   *   227's Memphis Grizzlies-Bounce!   *   227's Miami Heat-Bounce!   *   227's Milwaukee Bucks-Bounce!   *   227's Minnesota Timberwolves-Bounce!   *   227's New Jersey Nets-Bounce!   *   227's New Orleans Hornets-Bounce!   *   227's New York Knicks-Bounce!   *   227's Orlando Magic-Bounce!   *   227's Philadelphia 76ers-Bounce!   *   227's Phoenix Suns-Bounce!   *   227's Portland Trail Blazers-Bounce!   *   227's Sacramento Kings-Bounce! *   227's San Antonio Spurs-Bounce!   *   227's Oklahoma City   *   227's Toronto Raptors Bounce!   *   227's Utah Jazz-Bounce!   *   227's Washington Wizards-Bounce!

Coach Jamaal Al-Din, owner of Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227 covers interesting facts, features and news of every team in the NBA including the:

Atlanta Hawks   Boston Celtics    Charlotte Bobcats   Chicago Bulls   Cleveland Cavaliers   Dallas Mavericks   Denver Nuggets   Detroit Pistons   Golden State Warriors   Houston Rockets   Indiana Pacers   Los Angeles Clippers   Los Angeles Lakers   Memphis Grizzlies   Miami Heat   Milwaukee Bucks   Minnesota Timberwolves   New Jersey Nets   New Orleans Hornets   New York Knicks   Orlando Magic   Philadelphia 76ers   Phoenix Suns Tickets   Portland Trail Blazers   Sacramento Kings   San Antonio Spurs   Seattle SuperSonics (OKC)    Toronto Raptors   Utah Jazz   Washington Wizards

NBA Cities and Travel:
Atlanta, GA * Boston, MA * Charlotte, NC * Chicago, IL * Cleveland, OH * Dallas, TX * Denver, CO * Detroit, MI * Oakland, CA * Houston, TX * Indianapolis, IN * Los Angeles, CA * Memphis, TN * Miami, FL * Milwaukee, WI * Minneapolis, MN * East Rutherford, NJ * New Orleans, LA * New York, NY * Orlando, FL * Philadelphia, PA * Phoenix, AZ * Portland, OR  * Sacramento, CA * San Antonio, TX * Oklahoma City, OK * Toronto, Canada * Salt Lake City, UT  * Washington, D.C.

227's Sony PlayStation 2-NBA! * 227's XBOX-NBA! * 227's Sony PlayStation 3-NBA! * 227's XBOX-NBA! * 227's PlayStation Jam! * GameFly PlayStation Video Games-Free Trial! * GameFly PS2 & PS3 Video Games-Free Trial! * GameCube & Gameboy Video Games-Free Trial! * Nintendo 64 * 227's Nintendo Video Games from GameFly! * 227's Nintendo Series featuring GameCube & Gameboy! * Nintendo Wii at 227! * 227's NFL-EA Sports! * 227's PlayStation Jam! * Nintendo 64 * Nintendo 64
Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!
Dakota Wizards * Sioux Falls Skyforce * Iowa Energy * Fort Wayne Mad Ants * Austin Toros * Erie Bayhawks * Colorado 14ers  * Tulsa 66ers * Albuquerque Thunderbirds * Rio Grande Valley Vipers * Reno Big Horns * Idaho Stampede  * Los Angeles D-Fenders * Bakersfield Jam * Anaheim Arsenal * Utah Flash

New Features at 227:
227's College Campus * 227's College Campus *  227's College Campus -Stubhub tickets to college sporting events, and a complete list of colleges and universities in the United States, including Puerto Rico and Canada at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website! 227's College Campus
227's NFL Football- Stubhub NFL Football tickets, as well as updated NFL news and information at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!

227's Dallas Cowboys * 227's Indianapolis Colts * 227's Green Bay Packers * 227's New York Giants * 227's New England Patriots * 227's Baltimore Ravens * 227's Carolina Panthers * 227's Arizona Cardinals * 227's Oakland Raiders * 227's Kansas City Chiefs * 227's Pittsburgh Steelers * 227's San Diego Chargers * 227's Houston Texans * 227's Tampa Bay Buccaneers * 227's Chicago Bears * 227's Buffalo Bills * 227's Cleveland Browns * 227's Minnesota Vikings * 227's Philadelphia Eagles * 227's St. Louis Rams * 227's San Francisco 49ers * 227's Cincinnati Bengals * 227's Tennessee Titans * 227's New York Jets * 227's Miami Dolphins * 227's New Orleans Saints * 227's Atlanta Falcons

227's MLB Baseball- Stubhub MLB Baseball tickets, as well as updated MLB Baseball news and information at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!

227's New York Yankees * 227's Detroit Tigers * 227's Los Angeles Dodgers * 227's Chicago Cubs * 227's Boston Red Sox * 227's Kansas City Royals * 227's New York Mets * 227's Toronto Blue Jays * 227's Cincinnati Reds * 227's Seattle Mariners * 227's Atlanta Braves * 227's Philadelphia Phillies *  227's Florida Marlins * 227's Oakland Athletics *  227's Pittsburgh Pirates * 227's Cleveland Indians * 227's Texas Rangers * 227's San Diego Padres  *  227's Houston Astros * 227's San Francisco Giants * 227's Tampa Bay Rays * 227's Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim * 227's Arizona Diamondbacks * 227's Colorado Rockies * 227's Minnesota Twins * 227's St. Louis Cardinals *  227's Washignton Nationals * 227's Baltimore Orioles * 227's Chicago White Sox * 227's Montreal Expos * 227's Milwaukee Brewers

227's Animation Series on YouTube! * 227's Animation Videos * 227's Animation World * 227's Animation Cartoons * 227's Animation Kingdom * 227's Animation Videos * 227's Animationa Series on YouTube! * 227's Animation Cartoons

227's LinkTime- provides navigational links to basketball webpages throught the Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, everything basketball website!

New at 227:
Star Wars! DVDs & CDs! BUCKLE! FUBU! Kenneth Cole! MUDD Jeans! Levi's! Sean John! Perry Ellis! Roca Wear! Nike! Adidas! Dolce Gabbana! Eddie Bauer! Body Glove Water Sports! Christian Dior! Joe Boxer! FILA! Lacoste!

227's YouTube-Africa * 227's YouTube Japan  * 227's YouTube-China * 227's YouTube Canada * 227's YouTube Australia * 227's YouTube France 227's YouTube-Germany * 227's YouTube-Italy * 227's YouTube-Russia * 227's YouTube-United Kingdom * 227's YouTube-Mexico

227's Boise TV Tube!!!   *   227's Boise TV Tube!!!

227's uTuBe CHili-UFC "Ultimate Fighting Championship!" Featuring Kimbo Slice, Tito Ortiz, Seth Petruzelli and all of UFC's most exciting fighters!

227's YouTuBe-"Geo" graphic! * 227's YouTube-"Geo" graphic!

227's YouTube Chili-Political! Featuring Barack Obama & JohnMcCain

Music Artists at 227's You Tube Chili!!  / 227's U Tube Chilii! / 227's YouTube- Chiliii!:
YouTuBe "Chili!" * YouTube "Chili!" * YouTuBe "Chili!"

227's LinkTime-Chili!!! provides navigational 227 YouTube "Chili!" links to exciting music & entertainment video webpages throught the Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, everything basketball website!

227's eBay Atlanta Hawks * 227's eBay Boston Celtics * 227's eBay Detroit Pistons * 227's eBay Cleveland Cavaliers * 227's eBay Dallas Mavericks * 227's eBay Denver Nuggets * 227's eBay Charlotte Bobcats * 227's eBay Chicago Bulls *  227's eBay Golden State Warriors * 227's eBay Houston Rockets * 227's eBay Indiana Pacers * 227's eBay Los Angeles Lakers *  227's eBay Los Angeles Clippers *  227's eBay Memphis Grizzlies * 227's eBay Miami Heat * 227's eBay Milwaukee Bucks  * 227's eBay Minnesota Timberwolves * 227's eBay New Jersey Nets *  227's eBay New Orleans Hornets * 227's eBay New York Knicks * 227's eBay Portland Trail Blazers * 227's eBay Orlando Magic *  227's eBay Philadelphia 76ers * 227's eBay Phoenix Suns   * 227's eBay Sacramento Kings * 227's eBay San Antonio Spurs * 227's eBay Oklahoma City Thunder * 227's eBay Toronto Raptors * 227's eBay Utah Jazz * 227's eBay Washington Wizards

227's "JORDAN"-Cologne! * 227's "JORDAN"-Catalog!
227's YouTube-NBA
uTube Basketball California * YouTube Basketball New York * u Tube Basketball Texas * YouTube Basketball Michigan * YouTube Basketball Florida

227's Basketball Topixxx! Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website & home of 227's uTuBe Chili, featuring the world's most watched YouTube music videos!

NBDL (NBA Developement League)

? 227's YouTube "Chili" features these exciting YouTube music and entertainment celebrities...click onto to these 227 YouTube "Chili" links, channels and articles for the most watched YouTube hip-hop music videos in the world!

Mariah Carey Kardinall Offishall Madonna Whitney Houston Alvin & The Chipmunks
Chris Brown Michael Jackson 50 Cent Britney Spears Jerry Springer (Midget Fight)!
P-Diddy Elvis Presley Miley Cyrus Lil' Wayne Country Music Television (CMT)
Katy Perry NE-YO Coldplay Janet Jackson Alicia Keys Rihanna Madonna Akon Britain's Got Talent (BGT) 227's YouTube "Chili"
Rihanna Jonas Brothers Lloyd American Idol Nas (formerly Nasty Nas)
Beyonce Chris Brown Ellen DeGeneres Christina Aguilera Lady Gaga "Just Dance"
Rock-n-Roll Ice Cube Oprah Winfery Jordin Sparks Charlie The Unicorn
M.I.A. Harry Potter VH-1 Whitney Houston Spongebob
Will Smith Flo Rida Three 6 Mafia Leona Lewis Second Hand Serenade Metallica
Natasha Bedingfield   Taylor Swift   Keshia Cole   Sugarland   Avril Lavign         ICE CUBE

Sean Kingston, Justin Timberlake, M.I.A'"Paper Planes!" , Timbaland, 50 Cent, P-Diddy, Kanye West. Rihanna, Chris Brown, T.I.-"Big Things Poppin!" , Rihanna- Hate That I Love You (over 29 million views on YouTube)!, Leona Lewis, Soulja Boy, Britney Spears, Alicia Keys, Avril Lavigne, Alicia Keys- No One, Akon, NE-YO, LL Cool J, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Dmx, Jay-z, The Notorious B.I.G, 2PAC, Will Smith, Jonas Brothers, Pink "So What!" , Jordin Sparks feta. Chris Brown- "No Air" Official Music Video-over 33 million views on YouTube!), Lil Jon- get low music movie, Ludacris, Ice Cube, Flo Rida feat. T.Pain Music from the Movie Step Up 2 "Low," Chris Brown*Chris Brown feat. T.Pain- Kiss Kiss (over 51 million views on YouTube)!, Chris Brown-"With You," Chris Brown feat. Lil' Wayne (over 56 million views on YouTube!, Chris Brown "YO," Chris Brown-Run It, Chris Brown- Forever, Wu Tang Clan, The Fugees, Jordin Sparks-Tattoo, Rhianna- Cry, Rihanna- unfaithful, Rhianna- Umbrella (over 43 million views on YouTube/You Tube)!, Ashanti, Fergie Fergalicious, Fergie- Clumsy!, Rhianna- Dont' Stop The Music (over 62 million views on YouTube), Avril Lavign- Girlfriend (over 92 million views on YouTube)!, Clay Aiken, Akon, Christina Aguilera-Hurt, Clay Aiken-On My Way Here, All-American Rejects, All-American Rejects-Move Along, All-American Rejects-It Ends Tonight, Ashley Parker Angel, Michael Jackson ("Thriller"), Backstreet Boys, Augustana, Natasha Bedingfeild, Michael Jackson, Natasha Bedingfield feat. Sean Kingston-Love Like This, Natasha Bedingfield-Pocketful of Sunshine and lots more at 227's YouTube Chili!!! Your source for the world's most watched YouTube Music Videos at Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227- the everything basketball website!

Also: Jesse McCartney, Ray J, Usher, Elliott Yamin, Jonas Brothers, Fergie, Taylor Swift, Nelly Furtado, Jennifer Lopez, Flyleaf, Maroon 5, Kanye West, Keyshia Cole, The Pussycat Dolls, Colby O'Donis, Ashanti, R. Kelly, Girlicious, Colbi Calliat, Boy George, Mario, Three Days Grace, Beyonce', Gorillaz, Carrie Underwood, 3 Doors Down, Finger Eleven, Ginuwine, Baby Bash, Kid Rock, Joe, Gwen Steffani, Billy Ray Cyrus, Danity Kane, Janel Parrish, Ciara, NLT, Fall Out Boy, Josh Turner, Fantasia and more!

227's YouTube "Chili"-N' Sync! "Bye Bye Bye," "Pop," "It's Gonna Be Me," "Gone," "I Want You Back!" http://www.hoops227.atomicshops.com/youtube_nsync_bye_bye_girlfriend_pop_gone_promise.html